Higashi Yukihito, Yoshizumi Masao
Department of Cardiovascular Physiology and Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
Pharmacol Ther. 2004 Apr;102(1):87-96. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2004.02.003.
Recent epidemiologic studies have shown that aerobic exercise, one of lifestyle modifications, reduces cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the general population. However, the mechanisms underlying the anti-atherogenic and anti-hypertensive effects of exercise remain unclear. Hypertension is associated with alteration in endothelial function mediated through reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Endothelial dysfunction is an early feature of atherosclerosis and vascular diseases in humans. Exercise training has been shown to improve endothelial function in animal models of hypertension and in patients with essential hypertension. These findings suggest that endothelial dysfunction in hypertension is reversible. Lifestyle modifications including exercise are expected to prevent cardiovascular complications through an augmentation of endothelial function in hypertensive patients. It is thought that exercise increases NO production and decreases NO inactivation, leading to an increase in NO bioavailability. In this review, we will focus on recent findings and on possible mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of exercise on endothelial function in patients with hypertension.
最近的流行病学研究表明，有氧运动作为生活方式改变之一，可降低普通人群的心血管发病率和死亡率。然而，运动的抗动脉粥样硬化和抗高血压作用的潜在机制仍不清楚。高血压与内皮功能改变有关，这种改变是由一氧化氮（NO）生物利用度降低介导的。内皮功能障碍是人类动脉粥样硬化和血管疾病的早期特征。运动训练已被证明可改善高血压动物模型和原发性高血压患者的内皮功能。这些发现表明高血压中的内皮功能障碍是可逆的。包括运动在内的生活方式改变有望通过增强高血压患者的内皮功能来预防心血管并发症。据认为，运动可增加NO生成并减少NO失活，从而导致NO生物利用度增加。在本综述中，我们将重点关注近期的研究发现以及运动对高血压患者内皮功能有益作用的潜在机制。
