Vicente Benjamin, Kohn Robert, Rioseco Pedro, Saldivia Sandra, Baker Christine, Torres Silverio
Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
Br J Psychiatry. 2004 Apr;184:299-305. doi: 10.1192/bjp.184.4.299.
Few South American studies have examined current prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders.
To examine prevalence rates in a nationally representative adult population from Chile.
The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was administered to a stratified random sample of 2978 individuals from four provinces representative of the country's population. Six-month and 1-month prevalence rates were estimated. Demographic correlates, comorbidity and service use were examined.
Nearly a fifth of the Chilean population had had a psychiatric disorder during the preceding 6 months. The 6-month and 1-month prevalence rates were 19.7% and 16.7% respectively. For the 6-month prevalence the five most common disorders were simple phobia, social phobia, agoraphobia, major depressive disorder and alcohol dependence. Less than 30% of those with any psychiatric diagnosis had a comorbid psychiatric disorder and the majority of them had sought treatment from mental health services.
Current prevalence studies are useful indicators of service needs. People with comorbid psychiatric conditions have high rates of service use. The low rate of comorbidity in Chile merits further study.
南美洲很少有研究调查精神疾病的当前患病率。
调查智利具有全国代表性的成年人群中的患病率。
对来自代表该国人口的四个省份的2978名个体的分层随机样本进行综合国际诊断访谈。估计了六个月和一个月的患病率。研究了人口统计学相关性、共病情况和服务利用情况。
近五分之一的智利人口在过去6个月内患有精神疾病。六个月和一个月的患病率分别为19.7%和16.7%。六个月患病率中最常见的五种疾病是单纯恐惧症、社交恐惧症、广场恐惧症、重度抑郁症和酒精依赖症。任何精神疾病诊断患者中，不到30%患有共病精神疾病，且其中大多数人已寻求心理健康服务治疗。
当前患病率研究是服务需求的有用指标。患有共病精神疾病的人服务利用率很高。智利共病率较低值得进一步研究。
