Haddad Peter M
Cromwell House, Bolton, Salford and Trafford Mental Health NHS Trust, Cromwell Road, Eccles, Salford M30 0GT, UK.
Br J Psychiatry Suppl. 2004 Apr;47:S80-6. doi: 10.1192/bjp.184.47.s80.
Much of the existing data regarding the relationship between antipsychotic medications and diabetes mellitus are non-prospective.
To review critically non-prospective studies examining antipsychotic medications as risk factors for diabetes mellitus.
Database and manual searches.
Anecdotal reports indicate that conventional and atypical antipsychotics can cause diabetes mellitus. However, retrospective studies cannot reliably quantify this association, as they do not adequately control for confounding risk factors for diabetes, or for variation in detection and diagnosis of this illness. Most studies report a higher rate of diabetes in patients who use antipsychotic medication than in non-users, and in patients taking atypical v. conventional antipsychotics. Studies assessing the relative risks of diabetes between individual atypical antipsychotics are contradictory.
Retrospective data are of limited value. Well-designed prospective studies, which account for potential confounders, are needed to investigate the true association between antipsychotic medications and diabetes.
现有许多关于抗精神病药物与糖尿病之间关系的数据并非前瞻性研究所得。
批判性地回顾非前瞻性研究，这些研究将抗精神病药物视为糖尿病的风险因素。
数据库检索和手工检索。
轶事报道表明传统和非典型抗精神病药物可导致糖尿病。然而，回顾性研究无法可靠地量化这种关联，因为它们没有充分控制糖尿病的混杂风险因素，也未控制该疾病检测和诊断的差异。大多数研究报告称，使用抗精神病药物的患者患糖尿病的几率高于未使用者，且服用非典型抗精神病药物的患者高于服用传统抗精神病药物的患者。评估个别非典型抗精神病药物之间糖尿病相对风险的研究结果相互矛盾。
回顾性数据价值有限。需要设计良好的前瞻性研究，考虑潜在的混杂因素，以调查抗精神病药物与糖尿病之间的真正关联。
