van Minnen J, Schallig H D, Ramkema M D
Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Gen Comp Endocrinol. 1992 Apr;86(1):96-102. doi: 10.1016/0016-6480(92)90130-c.
Of gastropod molluscs, only in the Aplysiidae and the Lymnaeidae have the genes encoding the respective egg-laying hormones been cloned and the neurons controlling egg laying and egg-laying behavior been identified. Immunocytochemistry, using antibodies raised against alpha-CDCP (one of the neuropeptides encoded on the egg-laying hormone gene of Lymnaea stagnalis), identified neurons in various species of gastropods. In the basommatophoran snail, Biomphalaria glabrata, large and small neurons were observed in areas of the central nervous system similar to where immunoreactive cells exist in L. stagnalis, i.e., in the cerebral and pleural ganglia. In the stylommatophoran snail (Helix aspersa) and the slug (Limax maximus), large immunopositive neurons occur in the visceral and right parietal ganglia. In L. maximus, small immunoreactive neurons were found in the cerebral ganglia while in H. aspersa similar cells were observed intermingled with the large cells in the visceral and right parietal ganglia. Similar to the situation in L. stagnalis, in the female part of the reproductive tract of B. glabrata, L. maximus, and A. californica, but not in H. aspersa, neurons and/or fiber tracts are present. The results indicate that egg-laying hormone precursor molecules of gastropod molluscs are phylogenetically closely related. The alpha-CDCP antiserum may allow the identification of hitherto unknown egg-laying regulating systems of gastropod molluscs.
在腹足纲软体动物中，只有在海兔科和椎实螺科中，编码各自产卵激素的基因已被克隆，并且控制产卵和产卵行为的神经元已被识别。利用针对α-CDCP（椎实螺产卵激素基因编码的神经肽之一）产生的抗体进行免疫细胞化学研究，在各种腹足纲动物中识别出了神经元。在基眼目蜗牛光滑双脐螺中，在中枢神经系统的区域观察到了大神经元和小神经元，这些区域与椎实螺中存在免疫反应性细胞的区域相似，即在脑和胸膜神经节中。在柄眼目蜗牛（欧洲蛞蝓）和蛞蝓（大蛞蝓）中，大的免疫阳性神经元出现在内脏和右顶神经节中。在大蛞蝓中，在脑神经节中发现了小的免疫反应性神经元，而在欧洲蛞蝓中，在内脏和右顶神经节中观察到类似的细胞与大细胞混合在一起。与椎实螺的情况类似，在光滑双脐螺、大蛞蝓和加州海兔的生殖道雌性部分中存在神经元和/或纤维束，但在欧洲蛞蝓中没有。结果表明，腹足纲软体动物的产卵激素前体分子在系统发育上密切相关。α-CDCP抗血清可能有助于识别腹足纲软体动物迄今未知的产卵调节系统。
