Ortiz Rodomiro, Golmirzaie Ali M
Centro Internacional de la Papa, Lima, Perú.
Hereditas. 2003;139(3):217-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.2003.01735.x.
The aim of this research was to determine the genetic variation available in some important characteristics for true potato seed breeding in intermediate and advanced stages of a breeding population developed by the Centro Internacional de la Papa. A factorial mating design was used to calculate variance components and heritability at both selection stages. Four males were crossed with four females within each set (4 for intermediate stage and 5 for advanced stage) and their resulting offspring tested across two contrasting locations. Tuber yield and set were the only common characteristics recorded in both selection stages. In the intermediate stage early development characteristics (seed germination plus root and internode length) were also measured. In the advanced breeding material, vine earliness and other reproductive traits (days to flowering, flowering intensity, style length and pollen production) were scored. The heritability for tuber yield (0.35) and tuber set (0.32) in the advanced selection stage was higher than in the intermediate stage (0.26 and 0.13 respectively), which suggest that recombination through more cycles of recurrent selection brought untapped variation for both characteristics in this breeding material. Significant additive genetic variation, and thereby high heritability, was observed for internode length (0.52) in the intermediate selection stage, and for days to flowering (0.53) in the advance stage. Progress through selection may be expected for both characteristics. The heritability for pollen production was intermediate (0.23), while it was low (i.e.< 0.10) for the other characteristics recorded in both populations.
本研究的目的是确定国际马铃薯中心培育的育种群体在中级和高级阶段用于实生种子育种的一些重要性状的遗传变异。采用析因交配设计来计算两个选择阶段的方差分量和遗传力。在每个组合中，4个雄性与4个雌性杂交（中级阶段4个，高级阶段5个），其后代在两个对比地点进行测试。块茎产量和结薯数是两个选择阶段记录的仅有的共同性状。在中级阶段，还测量了早期发育性状（种子发芽率以及根和节间长度）。在高级育种材料中，对藤蔓早熟性和其他生殖性状（开花天数、开花强度、花柱长度和花粉产量）进行了评分。高级选择阶段的块茎产量（0.35）和结薯数（0.32）的遗传力高于中级阶段（分别为0.26和0.13），这表明通过更多轮次的轮回选择进行重组，为该育种材料的这两个性状带来了未开发的变异。在中级选择阶段，节间长度（0.52）观察到显著的加性遗传变异，因此遗传力较高；在高级阶段，开花天数（0.53）观察到显著的加性遗传变异。预计这两个性状通过选择都能取得进展。花粉产量的遗传力中等（0.23），而在两个群体中记录的其他性状的遗传力较低（即<0.10）。
