Zambelli D, Buccioli M, Castagnetti C, Belluzzi S
Veterinary Clinical Department, Obstetrical and Gynecological Section, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy.
Reprod Domest Anim. 2004 Apr;39(2):76-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2004.00481.x.
In a previous study we observed that it is possible to reach the cervix in all queens with a 1 mm diameter probe only. So, we developed both a new technique and a catheter (1 mm diameter) to allow transcervical insemination [Zambelli and Castagnetti 2001]. The aims of this study were to investigate vaginal and cervical anatomic modifications during the various stages of the oestrus cycle and to test the previously described technique of transcervical catheterization during the various stages of the oestrus cycle. In experiment 1, silicon impression moulds were obtained from the reproductive tracts of 21 queens' cadavers and vaginal and cervical measures were taken. The results showed that there are some significant anatomic modifications during the various stages of the oestrus cycle in vaginal and cervical anatomy, principally related to the dorsal medial fold increase induced by the follicular phase. In experiment 2, transcervical catheterization was attempted in 95 queens at various stages of oestrus cycle both during reproductive and non-reproductive season. After catheterization, methylene blue solution was injected through the cervical catheter. Successful catheterization was assessed during surgery, when colour was observed in the uterine horns. It was possible to perform transcervical catheterization during non-reproductive season in 16 of 20 anoestrus queens and in 12 of 15 induced oestrus queens; during reproductive season in nine of 21 interoestrus queens, in eight of 13 dioestrus/pregnancy queens, in four of 18 oestrus queens and in seven of eight queens in first oestrus during lactation.
在之前的一项研究中，我们观察到仅用直径1毫米的探头就能触及所有蜂王的宫颈。因此，我们开发了一种新技术和一种导管（直径1毫米）以实现经宫颈授精[赞贝利和卡斯塔涅蒂，2001年]。本研究的目的是调查发情周期各阶段阴道和宫颈的解剖结构变化，并测试在发情周期各阶段经宫颈插管的前述技术。在实验1中，从21只蜂王尸体的生殖道获取硅橡胶印模，并测量阴道和宫颈尺寸。结果表明，在发情周期的各个阶段，阴道和宫颈解剖结构存在一些显著的变化，主要与卵泡期引起的背内侧皱襞增加有关。在实验2中，在生殖季节和非生殖季节，对95只处于发情周期各阶段的蜂王尝试进行经宫颈插管。插管后，通过宫颈导管注入亚甲蓝溶液。在手术过程中，当观察到子宫角有颜色时，评估插管是否成功。在非生殖季节，20只处于乏情期的蜂王中有16只、15只诱导发情的蜂王中有12只能够成功进行经宫颈插管；在生殖季节，21只间情期的蜂王中有9只、13只发情后期/妊娠期的蜂王中有8只、18只发情期的蜂王中有4只以及8只哺乳期首次发情的蜂王中有7只能够成功进行经宫颈插管。
