Cingolani Mariano, Scavella Sabrina, Mencarelli Roberto, Mirtella Dora, Froldi Rino, Rodriguez Daniele
Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Ancona, Ospedale Regionale, I-60020, Italy.
J Anal Toxicol. 2004 Mar;28(2):128-31. doi: 10.1093/jat/28.2.128.
This study describes the results of the simultaneous detection and quantitation of morphine, 6-acetylmorphine, and cocaine in toenail and hair samples obtained from 18 forensic autopsies of drug abusers who had died in various manners. After external decontamination, each specimen was submitted to hot acid hydrolysis (1 mL of HCl 37%) in the presence of internal standards, followed by liquid-liquid and solid-phase extraction techniques. The extracts were then derivatized with propionic anhydride and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, operating in the selected ion monitoring mode. The limit of quantitation for all analytes was 0.5 ng on column. Results showed that both cocaine and morphine are more concentrated in toenails than in hair. Mean concentrations were 0.99 ng/mg (toenails) versus 0.48 ng/mg (hair) for cocaine and 1.27 ng/mg (toenails) versus 0.79 ng/mg (hair) for morphine. Distribution of 6-acetylmorphine showed no significant variations between the two (mean concentrations 0.46 ng/mg vs. 0.50 ng/mg in hair).
本研究描述了从18例死于各种原因的药物滥用者法医尸检中获取的趾甲和毛发样本中吗啡、6-乙酰吗啡和可卡因的同步检测及定量结果。在进行外部去污后，每个样本在加入内标的情况下进行热酸水解（1 mL 37%的盐酸），随后采用液-液萃取和固相萃取技术。提取物接着用丙酸酐衍生化，并通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪在选择离子监测模式下进行分析。所有分析物的定量限为柱上0.5 ng。结果表明，可卡因和吗啡在趾甲中的浓度均高于毛发。可卡因的平均浓度为0.99 ng/mg（趾甲）对0.48 ng/mg（毛发），吗啡为1.27 ng/mg（趾甲）对0.79 ng/mg（毛发）。6-乙酰吗啡在两者之间的分布无显著差异（毛发中的平均浓度分别为0.46 ng/mg对0.50 ng/mg）。
