Huggins Frank E, Huffman Gerald P, Linak William P, Miller C Andrew
CFFS/CME, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA.
Environ Sci Technol. 2004 Mar 15;38(6):1836-42. doi: 10.1021/es0348748.
An analysis protocol that combines X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy with selective leaching has been developed to examine hazardous species in size-segregated particulate matter (PM) samples derived from the combustion of fossil fuels. The protocol has been used to identify and determine quantitatively the amounts of three important toxic species in combustion-derived PM: viz., nickel sulfides in residual oil fly ash (ROFA) PM, and Cr(VI) and As(III) species in coal fly ash PM. Although it has been assumed that these toxic species might exist in PM derived from fossil-fuel combustion, the results presented here constitute the first direct determination of them in combustion-derived PM and their potential bioavailability. Detailed information on the presence of these toxic species in PM samples is of significant interest to epidemiological and toxicological studies of the health effects of both source and ambient PM. Additionally, information is obtained on insoluble forms that may be useful for source attribution and on the distribution of phases between size fractions that may be related to formation mechanisms of specific toxic species during combustion.
已开发出一种将X射线吸收近边结构光谱与选择性浸出相结合的分析方案，用于检测源自化石燃料燃烧的按粒径分类的颗粒物（PM）样品中的有害物质。该方案已用于识别和定量测定燃烧源PM中三种重要有毒物质的含量，即残油飞灰（ROFA）PM中的硫化镍，以及粉煤灰PM中的Cr(VI)和As(III)物种。尽管人们一直认为这些有毒物质可能存在于化石燃料燃烧产生的PM中，但此处给出的结果是对燃烧源PM中这些物质及其潜在生物可利用性的首次直接测定。关于PM样品中这些有毒物质存在情况的详细信息，对于源PM和环境PM健康影响的流行病学和毒理学研究具有重要意义。此外，还获得了有关可能有助于源归因的不溶形式以及可能与燃烧过程中特定有毒物质形成机制相关的粒径分数之间相分布的信息。
