Chew Ben H, Knudsen Bodo E, Denstedt John D
Department of Urology, University of Western Ontario, St Joseph's Health Care, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 4V2.
Curr Opin Urol. 2004 Mar;14(2):111-5. doi: 10.1097/00042307-200403000-00011.
Ureteral stents are a mainstay of today's urological armamentarium. This review critically evaluates the recent literature and provides a concise summary of the use of stents in urology today. While stents are used in many reconstructive urologic procedures, this review focuses on the use of stents in urolithiasis as it pertains to ureteroscopy, shockwave lithotripsy, and ureteropelvic junction obstruction.
Ureteral stents are associated with irritative symptoms, hematuria, infection, and encrustation. A new validated quality of life and impact questionnaire has been developed and has shown that 76% of patients suffer at least some type of morbidity related to the stent. Many studies in the recent literature have re-examined our use of stents today. For example, concepts regarding stenting following ureteroscopy, before shockwave lithotripsy, and following endopyelotomy have undergone an evolution based on the results of randomized, prospective studies.
The ureteral stent is an invaluable urological tool and its indications are evolving as are new stent technologies to improve patient care and comfort.
输尿管支架是当今泌尿外科器械库的主要组成部分。本综述批判性地评估了近期文献，并对目前泌尿外科中支架的使用进行了简要总结。虽然支架在许多泌尿外科重建手术中都有应用，但本综述重点关注其在尿路结石症中的应用，涉及输尿管镜检查、冲击波碎石术和输尿管肾盂连接部梗阻。
输尿管支架与刺激性症状、血尿、感染和结石形成有关。一种经过验证的新的生活质量和影响调查问卷已经开发出来，结果显示76%的患者至少遭受某种与支架相关的发病情况。近期文献中的许多研究重新审视了我们目前对支架的使用。例如，基于随机前瞻性研究的结果，输尿管镜检查后、冲击波碎石术前以及肾盂内切开术后支架置入的相关概念已经发生了演变。
输尿管支架是一种非常有价值的泌尿外科工具，其适应证正在不断演变，新的支架技术也在不断发展，以改善患者的治疗和舒适度。
