Treatment of non-biodegradable wastewater by electro-Fenton method.

A novel electro-Fenton method, called the Fered-Fenton method, applying H2O2 and electrogenerated ferrous ions for treating organic-containing wastewater was investigated. By combining electrochemical reduction and chemical oxidation, the process can regenerate ferrous ions and remove organic compounds simultaneously in a batch reactor. Because the generation rate of ferrous ions is one of the key parameters in evaluating the oxidation efficiency of the reaction system, the initial current efficiencies (eta(i)) for iron (III) reduction are examined first. It shows that increasing initial ferric ion concentration can achieve high initial current efficiency. In addition, eta(i) decreased (ca. 20-100%) with increasing current density of cathode (ca. 40-199 A/m2). For illustration, the wastewater from chemical (i.e. electroless) nickel plating was treated in this investigation owing to its non-biodegradability and high organic concentration. The average pH, COD and Ni concentrations of this wastewater were about 5.0, 30,000 and 2,000 mg/L, respectively. Experimental results indicate that traditional Fenton method only removed 60% of COD when using 5,000 mg/L of ferrous ions. However, the COD removal efficiency was promoted after the electricity was introduced into the system (i.e. Fered-Fenton method). Moreover, Ni concentration was reduced from 2,080 to 0.3 mg/L, indicating that the removal efficiency was higher than 99.9%.