Ferrario Gabriele, Alkhimovitch Olga, Avanzini Fausto, Cirrincione Carlo, Galloni Gianfranca, Marchesi Stefano, Pellegrini Andrea, Roccatagliata Daria, Roncaglioni Maria Carla, Russo Tiziano E
Department of Cardiology, Rehabilitation Center EREMO, Arco, TN, Italy.
Ital Heart J. 2004 Jan;5(1):16-21.
Strategies to prevent cardiovascular diseases are still not widely applied. It is vital to involve people for effective prevention, and knowledge of their own coronary risk is a first step. Little is known about how people perceive their coronary risk. For this reason, we examined this perception in a sample of the general population and compared it with a reference risk chart.
We invited the population of two small towns to come for a free check of their blood pressure and blood cholesterol levels. People were first asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire grading their perceived risk of developing a coronary event. Then, basic data were collected for calculating their risk according to a reference chart.
A total of 877 individuals (382 males, 495 females, age 30-80 years) without ischemic heart disease completed the questionnaire and had their blood pressure and cholesterol checked. Many important risk factors are still not taken into account by patients, particularly male sex, older age and diabetes. One out of 4 subjects underestimates his level of coronary risk and 9 out of 10 high-risk subjects are not even aware of it.
Our study shows that large numbers of persons are still unaware of their level of coronary risk and of its major determinants. Better counseling by general practitioners is needed since a realistic perception of risk is essential for reducing it.
预防心血管疾病的策略仍未得到广泛应用。让人们参与进来以实现有效预防至关重要，而了解自身的冠心病风险是第一步。关于人们如何看待自己的冠心病风险，我们所知甚少。因此，我们在一般人群样本中研究了这种认知，并将其与参考风险图表进行了比较。
我们邀请了两个小镇的居民前来免费检查血压和血胆固醇水平。首先要求人们完成一份自我管理的问卷，对他们感知到的发生冠心病事件的风险进行评分。然后，收集基本数据以根据参考图表计算他们的风险。
共有877名无缺血性心脏病的个体（382名男性，495名女性，年龄30 - 80岁）完成了问卷并接受了血压和胆固醇检查。患者仍然没有考虑到许多重要的风险因素，尤其是男性、老年和糖尿病。四分之一的受试者低估了自己的冠心病风险水平，十分之九的高危受试者甚至没有意识到这一点。
我们的研究表明，大量人群仍然不知道自己的冠心病风险水平及其主要决定因素。由于对风险的现实认知对于降低风险至关重要，因此需要全科医生提供更好的咨询服务。
