Shelby Michael, Portier Christopher, Goldman Lynn, Moore John, Iannucci Annette, Jahnke Gloria, Donkin Steve
NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
Reprod Toxicol. 2004 May;18(3):303-90. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2003.10.013.
The National Toxicology Program (NTP) and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) established the NTP Center for the Evaluation of Risks to Human Reproduction (CERHR) in June 1998. The purpose of the Center is to provide timely, unbiased, scientifically sound evaluations of human and experimental evidence for adverse effects on reproduction, including development, caused by agents to which humans may be exposed. Methanol was selected for evaluation by the CERHR based on high production volume, extent of human exposure, and published evidence of reproductive or developmental toxicity. Methanol is used in chemical syntheses and as an industrial solvent. It is a natural component of the human diet and is found in consumer products such as paints, antifreeze, cleaning solutions, and adhesives. It is used in race car fuels and there is potential for expanded use as an automobile fuel. This evaluation is the result of a 10-month effort by a 12-member panel of government and non-government scientists that culminated in a public Expert Panel meeting. This report has been reviewed by CERHR staff scientists, and by members of the Methanol Expert Panel. Copies have been provided to the CERHR Core Committee, which is made up of representatives of NTP-participating agencies. This report is a product of the Expert Panel and is intended to (1). interpret the strength of scientific evidence that a given exposure or exposure circumstance may pose a hazard to reproduction and the health and welfare of children; (2). provide objective and scientifically thorough assessments of the scientific evidence that adverse reproductive/development health effects are associated with exposure to specific chemicals or classes of chemicals, including descriptions of any uncertainties that would diminish confidence in assessment of risks; and (3). identify knowledge gaps to help establish research and testing priorities. The expert panel report becomes a central part of the subsequent NTP-CERHR Monograph. Each monograph includes the NTP Brief on the chemical under evaluation, the expert panel report, and all public comments on the expert panel report. The NTP Brief contains the NTP's conclusions on the potential for exposure to result in adverse effects on human development and reproduction. It is based on the expert panel report, public comments on the report, and relevant data published after the expert panel report was completed. NTP-CERHR Monographs are publicly available and are transmitted to appropriate health and regulatory agencies.
1998年6月，美国国家毒理学计划（NTP）和美国国立环境卫生科学研究所（NIEHS）共同设立了NTP人类生殖风险评估中心（CERHR）。该中心的目的是对人类及实验证据进行及时、公正且科学合理的评估，以确定人类可能接触的各种物质对生殖（包括发育过程）所产生的不良影响。基于甲醇的高产量、人类接触程度以及已发表的生殖或发育毒性证据，CERHR选择对甲醇进行评估。甲醇用于化学合成及作为工业溶剂。它是人类饮食中的天然成分，存在于油漆、防冻液、清洁溶液和粘合剂等消费品中。甲醇用于赛车燃料，并且有作为汽车燃料扩大使用的潜力。本次评估是由一个由12名政府和非政府科学家组成的小组历时10个月努力的成果，最终以一次公开的专家小组会议告终。本报告已经过CERHR的专业科学家以及甲醇专家小组成员的审阅。报告副本已提供给由NTP参与机构代表组成的CERHR核心委员会。本报告是专家小组的成果，旨在：（1）解读特定暴露或暴露情况可能对生殖以及儿童健康和福祉构成危害的科学证据的力度；（2）对与接触特定化学物质或化学物质类别相关的不良生殖/发育健康影响的科学证据进行客观且科学全面的评估，包括描述任何可能削弱风险评估可信度的不确定性；（3）识别知识空白以帮助确定研究和测试重点。专家小组报告成为后续NTP - CERHR专论的核心部分。每篇专论包括NTP关于所评估化学物质的简介、专家小组报告以及对专家小组报告的所有公众意见。NTP简介包含NTP关于暴露导致对人类发育和生殖产生不良影响可能性的结论。它基于专家小组报告、对该报告的公众意见以及专家小组报告完成后发表的相关数据。NTP - CERHR专论可供公众获取，并会传达给相关的健康和监管机构。
