Crowdy K A, Marple-Horvat D E
Department of Physiology, University of Bristol, School of Medical Sciences, Bristol, United Kingdom.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2004 Mar;28(3):402-7. doi: 10.1097/01.alc.0000117833.57318.83.
To understand how and why alcohol intoxication affects visually guided stepping, the eye movements and performance of 6 subjects (aged 22-35 years) were monitored as they progressed along a pathway of 18 irregularly placed stepping stones before and after consumption of an acute oral dose of alcohol.
Horizontal eye movements were measured with infrared reflectometry; footfall on or off target was monitored via copper fabric soles stuck to subjects' footwear. Breath alcohol concentration was monitored with an Alco-Sensor III breathalyzer.
After alcohol loading, both locomotor and oculomotor deficits were evident. All subjects increased their step cycle duration-with prolonged stance, swing, and double support phases-and occasionally missed footfall targets. A large proportion of saccades made to fixate successive stepping stones were inaccurate and were accompanied by one or more corrective saccades. These problems with looking and stepping to footfall targets tended to occur together and were comparable to those seen previously in cerebellar patients undertaking the same task.
The fact that healthy subjects acutely intoxicated by alcohol show symptoms of cerebellar dysfunction suggests that alcohol acutely and adversely affects the cerebellar contribution to performance of visually guided movements.
为了解酒精中毒如何以及为何会影响视觉引导下的行走，在6名受试者（年龄22 - 35岁）口服急性剂量酒精前后，监测他们在18块不规则放置的踏脚石路径上行走时的眼动情况和表现。
用红外反射测量法测量水平眼动；通过粘贴在受试者鞋上的铜织物鞋底监测是否踩上或踩离目标。用Alco - Sensor III呼气酒精含量测定仪监测呼气酒精浓度。
饮酒后，运动和动眼功能均出现明显缺陷。所有受试者的步周期时长增加，站立、摆动和双支撑阶段延长，偶尔还会踩不到目标。为注视连续踏脚石而进行的大部分扫视不准确，并伴有一个或多个矫正性扫视。这些注视和迈向踏脚石目标的问题往往同时出现，与之前患有小脑疾病的患者在执行相同任务时出现的问题类似。
健康受试者急性酒精中毒后出现小脑功能障碍症状，这表明酒精会急性且不利地影响小脑对视觉引导运动表现的作用。
