Veuille Michel, Baudry Emmanuelle, Cobb Matthew, Derome Nicolas, Gravot Emmanuelle
Laboratoire d'Ecologie (Cc237) and Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 7 quai Saint Bernard, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France.
Genetica. 2004 Mar;120(1-3):61-70. doi: 10.1023/b:gene.0000017630.69020.32.
We summarize data showing that there is population structure in African populations of Drosophila from the melanogaster-simulans complex. In D. melanogaster, population structuring is found at individual loci, but is obscured by population structuring for large inversions that simultaneously affect several loci. In D. simulans, molecular polymorphism at the X-linked vermilion locus suggests that different groups of populations have been geographically isolated for some time. Invading populations are probably derived from different areas in Africa. European populations originate from an east African population that was probably not at a demographic equilibrium. The origin of the Antilles population is apparently different and is as yet unknown. In south-western France, populations from these two species undergo different population structuring at the scale of a few kilometres: D. melanogaster makes up a large panmictic population, whereas D. simulans forms a metapopulation that is divided into smaller demes.
我们总结了相关数据，这些数据表明，在黑腹果蝇 - 拟果蝇复合体的非洲果蝇种群中存在种群结构。在黑腹果蝇中，在单个基因座上发现了种群结构，但同时影响多个基因座的大型倒位所导致的种群结构掩盖了这种结构。在拟果蝇中，X连锁朱红色基因座的分子多态性表明，不同的种群群体在地理上已经隔离了一段时间。入侵种群可能来自非洲的不同地区。欧洲种群起源于一个可能处于非人口统计学平衡状态的东非种群。安的列斯群岛种群的起源显然不同，目前尚不清楚。在法国西南部，这两个物种的种群在几公里的范围内经历了不同的种群结构：黑腹果蝇构成了一个大型随机交配种群，而拟果蝇形成了一个被划分为较小群落的集合种群。
