Seufert G
Institut für Landeskultur und Pflanzenökologie, POB 700562, D-7000 Stuttgart 70 Hohenheim, Germany.
Environ Pollut. 1990;68(3-4):231-52. doi: 10.1016/0269-7491(90)90029-c.
From 1983-88 the long-term effects of low level exposure with O(3), SO(2) and simulated acid rain on mineral cycling in model ecosystems with spruce, fir and beech seedlings were investigated. Systems consisting of open-top chambers built above lysimeters were protected against the intrusion of ambient rain and dust. As part of the investigations on mineral cycling the fluxes of elements with water input and output of the canopy and soil compartments are presented. During the 5 year duration of the experiment, pronounced effects on canopy deposition and cation leaching were observed. Most noticeable were throughfall enrichment with sulfate through dry deposition of SO(2) as influenced by duration of needlewetting and factors promoting SO(2) oxidation. Depending on sulfur deposition, leaching of calcium, magnesium, manganese, zinc and ammonium from canopies was elevated, in total leading to enhanced soil input of acid. After 15 months, the water percolating the soils in the lysimeters of these treatments was acidified, with elevated flowrates of sulfate, manganese, calcium and magnesium. The results on canopy/soil leaching are compared to those from old conifer stands in the field.
1983年至1988年期间，研究了低水平暴露于臭氧（O₃）、二氧化硫（SO₂）和模拟酸雨对含有云杉、冷杉和山毛榉幼苗的模型生态系统中矿物质循环的长期影响。由建造在渗漏计上方的开顶式气室组成的系统可防止环境雨水和灰尘的侵入。作为矿物质循环研究的一部分，给出了冠层和土壤隔室中元素随水输入和输出的通量。在为期5年的实验期间，观察到对冠层沉积和阳离子淋溶有显著影响。最明显的是，由于针叶湿润持续时间和促进SO₂氧化的因素影响，SO₂通过干沉降导致穿透雨硫酸盐富集。根据硫沉降情况，冠层中钙、镁、锰、锌和铵的淋溶增加，总体导致土壤酸性输入增加。15个月后，这些处理的渗漏计中渗透土壤的水被酸化，硫酸盐、锰、钙和镁的流量增加。将冠层/土壤淋溶的结果与野外老针叶林的结果进行了比较。
