Rugulies Reiner, Braff Jeffrey, Frank John W, Aust Birgit, Gillen Marion, Yen Irene H, Bhatia Rajiv, Ames Genevieve, Gordon Deborah R, Janowitz Ira, Oman Doug, Jacobs Bradly P, Blanc Paul
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 2004 May;45(5):428-39. doi: 10.1002/ajim.20009.
Psychosocial working conditions are likely to contribute to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs), but a lack of standardized measurement tools reflects both the theoretical and methodological limitations of current research.
An interdisciplinary team including biomedical, behavioral, and social science researchers used an iterative process to adapt existing instruments for an interviewer-administered questionnaire assessing psychosocial workplace exposure related to musculoskeletal disorders.
The resulting questionnaire included measures of psychosocial workplace factors based on two theoretical models (the demand-control-support and the effort-reward imbalance models), supplemented by the additional constructs of "emotional demands," and "experiences of discrimination." Other psychosocial and physical measures selected for questionnaire inclusion address physical workload, sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics, social relations and life events, health behaviors, and physical and psychological health.
Using an interdisciplinary approach facilitated the development of a comprehensive questionnaire inclusive of key measures of psychosocial factors that may play a role in the complex mechanisms leading to WRMSDs.
社会心理工作条件可能导致与工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病（WRMSDs），但缺乏标准化测量工具反映了当前研究在理论和方法上的局限性。
一个由生物医学、行为学和社会科学研究人员组成的跨学科团队采用迭代过程，对现有工具进行调整，以用于由访谈者实施的问卷调查，评估与肌肉骨骼疾病相关的社会心理工作场所暴露情况。
最终形成的问卷包括基于两种理论模型（需求 - 控制 - 支持模型和努力 - 回报失衡模型）的社会心理工作场所因素测量指标，并辅以“情感需求”和“歧视经历”等额外结构。问卷中纳入的其他社会心理和身体测量指标涉及身体工作量、社会人口统计学和人体测量学特征、社会关系和生活事件、健康行为以及身体和心理健康状况。
采用跨学科方法有助于开发一份综合问卷，其中包含可能在导致WRMSDs的复杂机制中起作用的社会心理因素关键测量指标。
