Floyd R Louise, Sidhu Jasjeet S
National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Prevention Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Executive Park Drive, Building 12, Mailstop E86, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet. 2004 May 15;127C(1):3-9. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.c.30010.
Alcohol use during pregnancy is a leading, preventable cause of birth defects and developmental disabilities in the United States, with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) being one of the most severe outcomes. Current survey statistics find that approximately one in eight pregnant women (500,000 per year) report alcohol use, with approximately 80,000 reporting binge drinking. While annual rates have fluctuated, trends analysis finds that there has been no significant change in rates of prenatal alcohol exposure over the past 10-year period. Development of effective programs to prevent FAS and to monitor the success of prevention efforts requires epidemiological data systems to inform these activities. This article describes alcohol use patterns among childbearing-age women and data sources that can be used in monitoring this behavior.
在美国,孕期饮酒是导致出生缺陷和发育障碍的主要可预防原因,胎儿酒精综合征(FAS)是最严重的后果之一。目前的调查统计数据显示,约八分之一的孕妇(每年50万)报告有饮酒行为,约8万报告有暴饮行为。虽然年发生率有所波动,但趋势分析发现,在过去10年里,产前酒精暴露率没有显著变化。制定有效的预防FAS计划并监测预防工作的成效需要流行病学数据系统为这些活动提供信息。本文描述了育龄妇女的饮酒模式以及可用于监测这种行为的数据源。