Kozuki Yoriko, Kennedy Michael G
Department of Psychosocial & Community Health, University of Washington School of Nursing, Box 357263, Seattle, WA 98195-7263, USA.
J Nurs Scholarsh. 2004;36(1):30-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.2004.04008.x.
To examine cultural incommensurability between clients of Japanese ancestry and Western therapists.
Aggregated case-study method was used to analyze psychotherapy cases of Japanese individuals seen by Western therapists. Eight cases were selected for this study from a private practice client pool.
Themes were: (a) only observable data were valued for diagnosis and treatment; (b) cultural stereotypes hampered treatment; (c) individuation and separation occurred within a social web of norms in Japanese culture; (d) key concepts in mental health such as "death and dying" and "rape" were interpreted by clients within a Japanese cultural framework, resulting in unique psychological reactions and behaviors, which had not been recognized by Western therapists; (e) psychological effects of immigration were minimized or ignored by Western therapists; (f) culturally unfamiliar behaviors were "pathologized" by Western therapists; and (g) Western therapists showed ethnocentric biases regarding the effects of immigration.
Various forms of misunderstanding and culturally ignorant practices were found in the treatment of eight Japanese clients by these Western therapists. These ineffective and often harmful practices were unrecognized by the Western therapists.
探讨日裔来访者与西方治疗师之间的文化不可通约性。
采用汇总案例研究法分析西方治疗师接待的日裔个体的心理治疗案例。本研究从一家私人诊所的来访者群体中选取了8个案例。
主题包括：(a) 诊断和治疗仅重视可观察到的数据；(b) 文化刻板印象阻碍治疗；(c) 在日本文化的规范社会网络中发生个性化和分离；(d) 来访者在日本文化框架内对“死亡与濒死”和“强奸”等心理健康关键概念进行了解读，导致了独特的心理反应和行为，而西方治疗师并未认识到这些；(e) 西方治疗师将移民的心理影响最小化或忽略；(f) 西方治疗师将文化上不熟悉的行为“病态化”；(g) 西方治疗师在移民影响方面表现出民族中心主义偏见。
这些西方治疗师在对8名日裔来访者的治疗中存在各种形式的误解和文化无知行为。这些无效且往往有害的行为未被西方治疗师认识到。
