Arkkila Perttu E T, Gautier Jean-Francois
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, Helsinki 00290, Finland.
Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2003 Dec;17(6):945-70. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2003.11.001.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with several musculoskeletal disorders. The incidence of DM and the life expectancy of the diabetic patient have both increased, resulting in the increased prevalence and clinical importance of musculoskeletal alterations in diabetic subjects. The exact pathophysiology of most of these musculoskeletal disorders remains obscure. Connective tissue disorders, neuropathy, vasculopathy or combinations of these problems, may underlie the increased incidence of musculoskeletal disorders in DM. The development of musculoskeletal disorders is dependent on age and on the duration of DM; however, it has been difficult to show a direct correlation with the metabolic control of DM. Most of these disorders can be diagnosed clinically, but some radiological examination may help, especially in differential diagnosis. No specific treatment is available, and treatments used in the general population are also recommended for diabetic subjects. Infectious complications affecting the musculoskeletal system are common in DM subjects, and these, possibly life-threatening, complications should be systematically discussed.
糖尿病（DM）与多种肌肉骨骼疾病相关。糖尿病的发病率和糖尿病患者的预期寿命均有所增加，导致糖尿病患者肌肉骨骼改变的患病率上升且具有临床重要性。大多数这些肌肉骨骼疾病的确切病理生理学仍不清楚。结缔组织疾病、神经病变、血管病变或这些问题的组合，可能是糖尿病患者肌肉骨骼疾病发病率增加的基础。肌肉骨骼疾病的发生取决于年龄和糖尿病病程；然而，很难证明其与糖尿病的代谢控制存在直接关联。这些疾病大多可通过临床诊断，但一些影像学检查可能会有帮助，尤其是在鉴别诊断方面。目前尚无特效治疗方法，一般人群使用的治疗方法也推荐用于糖尿病患者。影响肌肉骨骼系统的感染并发症在糖尿病患者中很常见，对于这些可能危及生命的并发症应进行系统讨论。
