语言经验和词汇技能的理论及方法学意义：强关联和弱关联词汇的启动效应

Theoretical and methodological implications of language experience and vocabulary skill: priming of strongly and weakly associated words.

作者信息

Devitto Zana, Burgess Curt

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.

出版信息

Brain Cogn. 2004 Jul;55(2):295-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2004.02.018.

DOI:10.1016/j.bandc.2004.02.018

PMID:15177799

Abstract

The effect of second language experience and vocabulary ability was investigated in a semantic priming experiment with weakly related English word pairs (e.g., city-grass). Participants made lexical decisions to targets preceded by unrelated or weakly related primes or to nonword targets preceded by words. Reliable priming was found for monolingual participants; participants who had acquired a second language showed either marginal or nonreliable effects. A similar pattern of results was found with the analysis of vocabulary ability. Only participants with the greater vocabulary ability showed a priming effect. Although previous research has shown that participants with a broad range of linguistic backgrounds demonstrate the typical semantic priming effect (e.g., green-grass) with strongly associated word pairs, weaker relationships seem to require an extensive contextual history for retrieval.

摘要

在一项针对弱相关英语单词对（如city-grass）的语义启动实验中，研究了第二语言经验和词汇能力的影响。参与者对由不相关或弱相关启动词引导的目标词进行词汇判断，或者对由单词引导的非词目标进行判断。单语参与者表现出可靠的启动效应；掌握了第二语言的参与者则表现出微弱或不可靠的效应。对词汇能力的分析也发现了类似的结果模式。只有词汇能力较强的参与者表现出启动效应。尽管先前的研究表明，具有广泛语言背景的参与者在面对强相关单词对（如green-grass）时会表现出典型的语义启动效应，但较弱的语义关系似乎需要丰富的语境经历才能实现提取。