Rietschel Robert L
Department of Dermatology, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, Louisiana 70002, USA.
Dermatol Ther. 2004;17(3):224-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1396-0296.2004.04029.x.
An accurate diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis can be achieved by a combination of historical, morphologic, and diagnostic steps. Clues in the history and physical examination can point to an irritant as the source of contact dermatitis. While irritants and allergens share many common features both immunologically and clinically, there are grounds for the distinction. Knowledge of occupational factors is necessary to assess the source of contact dermatitis. A common pitfall is the failure to appreciate the role of endogenous factors in the clinical presentation and overall care of the dermatitis patient. A comprehensive assessment of the patient's environment will lead to appropriate patch tests being applied and a correct diagnosis being reached.
通过病史、形态学和诊断步骤相结合,可实现对过敏性接触性皮炎的准确诊断。病史和体格检查中的线索可指向刺激性物质作为接触性皮炎的病因。虽然刺激物和变应原在免疫学和临床上有许多共同特征,但仍有区分的依据。了解职业因素对于评估接触性皮炎的病因很有必要。一个常见的误区是未能认识到内源性因素在皮炎患者临床表现和整体护理中的作用。对患者环境进行全面评估将有助于进行适当的斑贴试验并得出正确诊断。