Niraula Surya Raj
Department of Community Medicine, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan 56701, Sunsari, Post Box 7053, Kathmandu, Nepal.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2004 Mar;22(1):68-74.
The study was undertaken to assess the prevalence and patterns of tobacco use and also assess the factors affecting tobacco use among the female population of Dharan. A cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of 2,340 female participants aged 15 years and above was conducted in Dharan municipality in 2001. Cluster sampling with probability proportionate to size technique was used. Of the 2,340 subjects, 12.9% were cigarette smokers and 14.1% were smokeless tobacco users. The smoking habit had a significant relationship with the habit of tobacco chewing. About 50% of the smokers had been continuously smoking for more than 20 years. Smokers aged 50 years and above were more likely to smoke more than 10 cigarettes per day than those at the reproductive age (15-49 years). Health problems among females did not have any significant relationship with tobacco-chewing, but smokers were nearly twice as likely to suffer from any health problem than non-smokers. Gastrointestinal problems were the most common complaint among the tobacco users. An effective awareness programme is required to discourage the use of tobacco and encourage women to take regular health check-ups.
开展这项研究是为了评估烟草使用的流行情况和模式，并评估影响达兰女性人群烟草使用的因素。2001年，在达兰市对2340名15岁及以上的女性参与者进行了代表性抽样的横断面调查。采用了与规模成比例的概率抽样技术进行整群抽样。在2340名受试者中，12.9%为吸烟者，14.1%为无烟烟草使用者。吸烟习惯与嚼烟习惯有显著关系。约50%的吸烟者持续吸烟超过20年。50岁及以上的吸烟者每天吸10支以上香烟的可能性比育龄期（15 - 49岁）的吸烟者更高。女性的健康问题与嚼烟没有任何显著关系，但吸烟者患任何健康问题的可能性几乎是非吸烟者的两倍。胃肠道问题是烟草使用者最常见的主诉。需要开展有效的宣传项目，以劝阻烟草使用，并鼓励女性定期进行健康检查。
