医学访谈中的言语交流：概念与测量

Verbal exchanges in medical interviews: concepts and measurement.

作者信息

Stiles W B, Putnam S M

机构信息

Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056.

出版信息

Soc Sci Med. 1992 Aug;35(3):347-55. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(92)90031-k.

DOI:10.1016/0277-9536(92)90031-k

PMID:1519087

Abstract

The verbal exchange theory of medical interviews (consultations) proposes that patients and clinicians employ a joint repertoire of exchanges to accomplish their goals in the encounter. The skeleton of each exchange is a set of speech acts that tend to be used together in interviews, for example, (a) clinician questions and patient yes/no answers, or (b) clinician directives and patient agreements to comply. We describe seven principal exchanges, each of which has been identified empirically in multiple studies of interviews: Exposition, Closed Question, Checking, Direction, Inquiry, Explanation, and Instruction/Contracts.

摘要

医学问诊（会诊）的言语交流理论提出，患者和临床医生会运用一套共同的交流方式来实现他们在诊疗过程中的目标。每次交流的框架是一组在问诊中倾向于一起使用的言语行为，例如：（a）临床医生提问，患者回答是或否；或者（b）临床医生指示，患者同意遵照执行。我们描述了七种主要的交流方式，每一种都已在多项问诊研究中通过实证确定：阐述、封闭式提问、核实、指导、询问、解释以及指示/约定。