Whitbeck Les B, Adams Gary W, Hoyt Dan R, Chen Xiaojin
Department of Sociology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0324, USA.
Am J Community Psychol. 2004 Jun;33(3-4):119-30. doi: 10.1023/b:ajcp.0000027000.77357.31.
This article reports on the development of two measures relating to historical trauma among American Indian people: The Historical Loss Scale and The Historical Loss Associated Symptoms Scale. Measurement characteristics including frequencies, internal reliability, and confirmatory factor analyses were calculated based on 143 American Indian adult parents of children aged 10 through 12 years who are part of an ongoing longitudinal study of American Indian families in the upper Midwest. Results indicate both scales have high internal reliability. Frequencies indicate that the current generation of American Indian adults have frequent thoughts pertaining to historical losses and that they associate these losses with negative feelings. Two factors of the Historical Loss Associated Symptoms Scale indicate one anxiety/depression component and one anger/avoidance component. The results are discussed in terms of future research and theory pertaining to historical trauma among American Indian people.
历史损失量表和历史损失相关症状量表。基于143名年龄在10至12岁孩子的美国印第安成年父母计算了测量特征，包括频率、内部信度和验证性因素分析，这些父母是中西部上游地区美国印第安家庭正在进行的纵向研究的一部分。结果表明这两个量表都具有较高的内部信度。频率显示，当代美国印第安成年人经常思考与历史损失有关的问题，并且他们将这些损失与负面情绪联系起来。历史损失相关症状量表的两个因素表明一个焦虑/抑郁成分和一个愤怒/回避成分。本文根据与美国印第安人历史创伤相关的未来研究和理论对结果进行了讨论。
