Castellote Marta, Menéndez Esperanza, Andrade Carmen, Zuloaga Pablo, Navarro Mariano, Ordóñez Manuel
Institute of Construction Science Eduardo Torroja (IETcc), CSIC, Serrano Galvache s/n, 28033 Madrid, Spain.
Environ Sci Technol. 2004 May 15;38(10):2946-52. doi: 10.1021/es034518p.
Electric arc furnace dust (EAFD), generated by the steel-making industry, is in itself an intrinsic hazardous waste; however, the case may also be that scrap used in the process is accidentally contaminated by radioactive elements such as cesium. In this case the resulting EAFD is to be handled as radioactive waste, being duly confined in low- and medium-activity repositories (LMAR). What this paper studies is the reliability of using this radioactive EAFD as an addition in the immobilization mortar of the containers of the LMAR, that is, from the point of view of the durability. Different mixes of mortar containing different percentages of EAFD have been subjected to flexural and compressive strength, initial and final setting time, XRD study, total porosity and pore size distribution, determination of the chloride diffusion coefficient, dimensional stability tests, hydration heat, workability of the fresh mix, and leaching behavior. What is deduced from the results is that for the conditions used in this research, (cement + sand) can be replaced by EAFD upto a ratio [EAFD/(cement + EAFD)] of 46% in the immobilization mortar of LMAR, apparently without any loss in the long-term durability properties of the mortar.
电弧炉粉尘（EAFD）由钢铁行业产生，其本身就是一种内在的危险废物；然而，该过程中使用的废料也可能意外受到铯等放射性元素的污染。在这种情况下，产生的电弧炉粉尘应作为放射性废物处理，并妥善存放在低、中活度储存库（LMAR）中。本文研究的是将这种放射性电弧炉粉尘用作LMAR储存库容器固定砂浆添加剂的可靠性，即从耐久性的角度进行研究。含有不同百分比电弧炉粉尘的不同砂浆混合物已经进行了抗折和抗压强度、初凝和终凝时间、X射线衍射研究、总孔隙率和孔径分布、氯离子扩散系数测定、尺寸稳定性测试、水化热、新拌混合物的工作性以及浸出行为等测试。从结果推断，对于本研究中使用的条件，在LMAR固定砂浆中，（水泥 + 沙子）可以被电弧炉粉尘替代，替代比例[电弧炉粉尘/（水泥 + 电弧炉粉尘）]最高可达46%，显然不会对砂浆的长期耐久性性能造成任何损失。
