Brownson Ross C, Baker Elizabeth A, Boyd Rutha L, Caito Nicole M, Duggan Katie, Housemann Robyn A, Kreuter Matthew W, Mitchell Tonya, Motton Freda, Pulley Cynthia, Schmid Thomas L, Walton Dorothy
Department of Community Health and Prevention Research Center, School of Public Health, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2004 Jul;27(1):28-34. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.03.015.
Ecologic models are often recommended to promote physical activity, yet sparse data exist on their effectiveness.
A quasi-experimental design examined changes in walking behavior in six rural intervention communities in the Missouri "bootheel" region and in six comparison communities in Arkansas and Tennessee.
SETTING/ PARTICIPANTS: The communities ranged in population from 2399 to 17,642; interventions focused on adults aged >/=18 years.
Interventions were developed with community input and included individually tailored newsletters, interpersonal activities that stressed social support, and community-wide events such as walk-a-thons.
Primary outcomes were rates of walking-trail use, total number of minutes walked in the past week, and total minutes walked for exercise.
Among persons who used trails at baseline (16.9% of the total population), 32.1% reported increases in physical activity since they began using the trail. From community-wide samples, two subgroups indicated a positive net change in rates of 7-day total walking: people with high school degrees or less and people living in households with annual incomes of <==$20,000. However, no studied group showed a statistically significant net intervention effect.
Although there was an increase in the rate of walking-trail use, a community-wide change in walking rates in rural communities was not documented. Results of this study should provide guidance for future projects.
生态模型常被推荐用于促进体育活动，但其有效性的数据却很稀少。
采用准实验设计，研究了密苏里州“靴跟”地区六个农村干预社区以及阿肯色州和田纳西州六个对照社区的步行行为变化。
地点/参与者：各社区人口从2399人到17642人不等；干预对象为年龄≥18岁的成年人。
在社区参与下制定干预措施，包括个性化的时事通讯、强调社会支持的人际活动以及诸如步行马拉松等全社区范围的活动。
主要结局指标为步道使用率、过去一周步行的总分钟数以及锻炼步行的总分钟数。
在基线时使用步道的人群中（占总人口的16.9%），32.1%的人报告自开始使用步道以来体育活动有所增加。从全社区样本来看，两个亚组显示7天总步行率有正向净变化：高中及以下学历人群和年收入≤20000美元家庭的居民。然而，没有研究组显示出具有统计学意义的净干预效果。
尽管步道使用率有所增加，但农村社区全社区范围的步行率变化并未得到证实。本研究结果应为未来项目提供指导。
