Stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma: current status and future directions.

High-dose chemotherapy or chemoradiation therapy supported with autologous stem cell transplantation is now recognized as a valid therapeutic option for patients with multiple myeloma. Results of randomized trials have established autografting as the treatment of choice for patients younger than 65 years, as part of their initial therapy. In this review, the issues of who benefits from transplant, what is the optimal procedure, and whether there is a potential role for allografting are addressed.