Meyer V F, Redente E F, Barbarick K A, Brobst R B, Paschke M W, Miller A L
MFG, Inc., 3801 Automation Way, Ft. Collins, CO 80525, USA.
J Environ Qual. 2004 May-Jun;33(3):873-81. doi: 10.2134/jeq2004.0873.
Soil stability and revegetation is a great concern following forest wildfires. Biosolids application might enhance revegetation efforts and enhance soil stability. In May 1997, we applied Metro Wastewater Reclamation District (Denver, CO, USA) composted biosolids at rates of 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 Mg ha(-1) to a severely burned, previously forested site near Buffalo Creek, CO to improve soil C and N levels and help establish eight native, seeded grasses. The soils on the site belong to the Sphinx series (sandy-skeletal, mixed, frigid, shallow Typic Ustorthents). Vegetation and soils data were collected for four years following treatment. During the four years following treatment, total plant biomass ranged from approximately 50 to 230 g m(-2) and generally increased with increasing biosolids application. The percentage of bare ground ranged from 4 to 58% and generally decreased with increasing biosolids rate. Higher rates of biosolids application were associated with increased concentrations of N, P, and Zn in tissue of the dominant plant species, streambank wheatgrass [Elymus lanceolatus (Scribn. & J.G. Sm) Gould subsp. lanceolatus], relative to the unamended, unfertilized control. At two months following biosolids application (1997), total soil C and N at soil depths of 0 to 7.5, 7.5 to 15, and 15 to 30 cm showed significant (P < 0.05) linear increases (r2 > 0.88) as biosolids rate increased. The surface soil layer also showed this effect one year after application (1998). For Years 2 through 4 (1999-2001) following treatment, soil C and N levels declined but did not show consistent trends. The increase in productivity and cover resulting from the use of biosolids can aid in the rehabilitation of wildfire sites and reduce soil erosion in ecosystems similar to the Buffalo Creek area.
森林野火之后，土壤稳定性和植被恢复是备受关注的问题。施用生物固体废弃物可能会加强植被恢复工作并提高土壤稳定性。1997年5月，我们以0、5、10、20、40和80 Mg ha(-1)的施用量，将美国科罗拉多州丹佛市地铁废水回收区的堆肥生物固体废弃物施用于科罗拉多州布法罗溪附近一个曾为森林、遭受严重火灾的场地，以提高土壤碳和氮水平，并帮助种植8种本地播种的草。该场地的土壤属于斯芬克斯系列（砂质骨架、混合、寒冷、浅薄典型干润新成土）。处理后四年收集了植被和土壤数据。在处理后的四年里，植物总生物量约为50至230 g m(-2)，一般随生物固体废弃物施用量的增加而增加。裸地百分比为4%至58%，一般随生物固体废弃物施用量的增加而降低。与未改良、未施肥的对照相比，较高的生物固体废弃物施用量与优势植物物种河岸披碱草[Elymus lanceolatus (Scribn. & J.G. Sm) Gould subsp. lanceolatus]组织中氮、磷和锌浓度的增加有关。在施用生物固体废弃物后两个月（1997年），0至7.5厘米、7.5至15厘米和15至30厘米土壤深度的土壤总碳和氮随生物固体废弃物施用量的增加呈显著（P < 0.05）线性增加（r2 > 0.88）。施用一年后（1998年），表层土壤也呈现出这种效果。在处理后的第2至4年（1999 - 2001年），土壤碳和氮水平下降，但未呈现出一致的趋势。使用生物固体废弃物带来的生产力和覆盖率的提高有助于野火场地的恢复，并减少类似于布法罗溪地区的生态系统中的土壤侵蚀。
