Cavaleri Molly A, Gilmore Daniel W, Mozaffari Morteza, Rosen Carl J, Halbach Thomas R
Department of Forest, Rangeland, and Watershed Stewardship, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
J Environ Qual. 2004 May-Jun;33(3):1055-61. doi: 10.2134/jeq2004.1055.
Little research has been conducted in the Lake States (Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan) to evaluate the effects of municipal and industrial by-product applications on the early growth of short rotation woody crops such as hybrid poplar. Anticipated shortages of harvestable-age aspen in the next decade can be alleviated and rural development can be enhanced through the application of by-products to forest soils. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of inorganic fertilizer, boiler ash, biosolids, and the co-application of ash and biosolids application on tree growth and soil properties by measuring hybrid poplar clone NM-6 (Populus nigra L. x P. maximowiczii A. Henry) yield, nutrient uptake, and select post-harvest soil properties after 15 wk of greenhouse growth. Treatments included a control of no amendment; agricultural lime; inorganic N, P, and K; three types of boiler ash; biosolids application rates equivalent to 70, 140, 210, and 280 kg available N ha(-1); and boiler ash co-applied with biosolids. All of the by-products treatments showed biomass production that was equal to or greater than inorganic fertilizer and lime treatments. A trend of increased biomass with increasing rates of biosolids was observed. Soil P concentration increased with increasing rates of biosolids application. None of the by-products treatments resulted in plant tissue metal concentrations greater than metal concentrations of plant tissue amended with inorganic amendments. Biosolids, boiler ash, and the co-application of biosolids and boiler ash together on forest soils were as beneficial to plant growth as inorganic fertilizers.
在五大湖州（明尼苏达州、威斯康星州和密歇根州），很少有研究评估城市和工业副产品应用对杂交杨树等短轮伐期木本作物早期生长的影响。预计在未来十年可收获年龄的白杨短缺情况可通过在森林土壤中施用副产品得到缓解，并且农村发展也能得到促进。本研究旨在通过测量温室生长15周后杂交杨树无性系NM - 6（黑杨×大青杨）的产量、养分吸收以及收获后选定的土壤特性，来评估无机肥料、锅炉灰、生物固体以及灰与生物固体联合施用对树木生长和土壤性质的影响。处理包括不施肥的对照；农业石灰；无机氮、磷和钾；三种类型的锅炉灰；相当于70、140、210和280 kg有效氮公顷⁻¹的生物固体施用量；以及锅炉灰与生物固体联合施用。所有副产品处理的生物量产量均等于或高于无机肥料和石灰处理。观察到随着生物固体施用量增加生物量增加的趋势。土壤磷浓度随着生物固体施用量的增加而增加。没有一种副产品处理导致植物组织中的金属浓度高于用无机改良剂处理的植物组织中的金属浓度。生物固体、锅炉灰以及生物固体与锅炉灰在森林土壤上的联合施用对植物生长的益处与无机肥料相同。
