Ingley Evan, Tilbrook Peta A, Klinken S Peter
Laboratory for Cancer Medicine, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, Perth, Australia.
IUBMB Life. 2004 Apr;56(4):177-84. doi: 10.1080/15216540410001703956.
The regulation of erythroid cells is complex and occurs at multiple levels. Erythroid precursors, once committed to this lineage, develop in association with specific macrophages within erythroblastic islands. While erythropoietin (Epo) is the principal regulator of erythroid progenitors, other cytokines and nuclear hormones also play an important role in the maturation of these cells. Signalling from the Epo-receptor activates several pathways, including the JAK/STAT, ras/raf/MAP kinase and PI3 kinase/Akt cascades to promote cell survival, proliferation and differentiation. Transcription factors such as GATA-1, EKLF and NF-E2 are crucial for progression along the erythroid maturation pathway; these, and a myriad of other transcription factors, must be expressed at the correct developmental stage for normal red blood cells to be formed.
红系细胞的调控是复杂的，且发生在多个层面。红系前体细胞一旦确定进入该谱系，便会与成红细胞岛中的特定巨噬细胞一起发育。虽然促红细胞生成素（Epo）是红系祖细胞的主要调节因子，但其他细胞因子和核激素在这些细胞的成熟过程中也发挥着重要作用。来自Epo受体的信号激活多种途径，包括JAK/STAT、ras/raf/MAP激酶和PI3激酶/Akt级联反应，以促进细胞存活、增殖和分化。转录因子如GATA-1、EKLF和NF-E2对于红系成熟途径的进展至关重要；这些转录因子以及无数其他转录因子必须在正确的发育阶段表达，才能形成正常的红细胞。
