Klimczuk M
Division of Animal Anatomy, Department of Functional Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
Pol J Vet Sci. 2004;7(2):129-42.
In the male pig, the bulbourethral gland (BG) is a particulary well developed accessory genital gland (AGG) which produces complex secretion contributing to the fluid component of semen. The secretory and motor function of AGGs is thought to be under the autonomic nervous system control. Although relatively much is known about the innervation of the prostate gland and, to a lesser degree, of the seminal vesicle, the paucity of data dealing with the innervation of BG is striking. Therefore, combined retrograde tracing and double-labelling immunofluorescence have been used to investigate the distribution and immunohistochemical properties of autonomic and primary afferent neurons projecting to this gland in the pig. BG-projecting neurons were found in some ipsilateral (I) and contralateral (C) sympathetic chain ganglia (SChG), the caudal mesenteric ganglion (CaMG), pelvic ganglia (PG) and some dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Immunohistochemistry revealed that the vast majority of CaMG and SChG BG-projecting neurons contained tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopaminebeta-hydroxylase (DbetaH), and some neuropeptides including neuropeptide Y (NPY), somatostatin (SOM) and galanin (GAL). Three subpopulations of PG neurons supplying BG could be distinguished: 1) cholinergic neurons [vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT)-positive] which also contained vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), SOM and NPY, 2) adrenergic neurons (TH-positive) which also stained for NPY, GAL or leu5-enkephalin (LEU), and 3) non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic neurons (NANC). DRG BG-projecting neurons contained mostly substance P (SP) and/or calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) which sometimes colocalized with GAL. The possible functional significance of the substances found within the neurons is discussed.
在雄性猪中，尿道球腺（BG）是一种特别发达的附属生殖腺（AGG），它产生复杂的分泌物，对精液的液体成分有贡献。AGG的分泌和运动功能被认为受自主神经系统控制。尽管对前列腺的神经支配了解相对较多，对精囊的神经支配了解程度稍低，但关于BG神经支配的数据却非常匮乏。因此，联合逆行追踪和双标记免疫荧光技术被用于研究猪中投射到该腺体的自主神经元和初级传入神经元的分布及免疫组化特性。在一些同侧（I）和对侧（C）交感神经链神经节（SChG）、肠系膜后神经节（CaMG）、盆神经节（PG）和一些背根神经节（DRG）中发现了投射到BG的神经元。免疫组化显示，绝大多数投射到BG的CaMG和SChG神经元含有酪氨酸羟化酶（TH）和多巴胺β羟化酶（DβH），以及一些神经肽，包括神经肽Y（NPY）、生长抑素（SOM）和甘丙肽（GAL）。可以区分出供应BG的PG神经元的三个亚群：1）胆碱能神经元[囊泡乙酰胆碱转运体（VAChT）阳性]，它们也含有血管活性肠肽（VIP）、一氧化氮合酶（NOS）、SOM和NPY；2）肾上腺素能神经元（TH阳性），它们也对NPY、GAL或亮氨酸脑啡肽（LEU）染色；3）非肾上腺素能、非胆碱能神经元（NANC）。投射到BG的DRG神经元大多含有P物质（SP）和/或降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP），它们有时与GAL共定位。文中讨论了在神经元内发现的这些物质可能的功能意义。
