Delattre V, Servant D, Rusinek S, Lorette C, Parquet P-J, Goudemand M, Hautekeete M
Unité Stress et Anxiété, Clinique de Psychiatrie, CHU de Lille, 57, boulevard de Metz, 59037 Lille cedex.
Encephale. 2004 May-Jun;30(3):255-8. doi: 10.1016/s0013-7006(04)95437-1.
The theory of early maladaptive schemas was initiated by Young, who postulated that each pathology is supported by one or several schemas. Adults with anxiety disorders more activate schemas that controls. This hyper activate schemas would go back the childhood. In this study, we measure some cognitive schema's activation, with the Schmidt and al. Questionnaire: this schema's questionnaire measures the dysfunctional schemas in actual way. Our purpose was to compare early maladaptive schema's activation of adults with anxiety disorders and adults healthy. The results indicate that each dysfunctional schema is more significatively activate by the adults with anxiety disorders that adults healthy. He doesn't exist schema typical of anxiety, but just a more important activation of all schemas of adults with -anxiety disorders. All subjects (with anxiety disorder and healthy) activate the schemas in the same order. It would appear that schema who imply an action of subject was more activate. So, in our study, we doesn't observe schema typical of anxiety, as opposed to postulate of Young and Klosko. In fact, in comparison with healthy subjects, all early maladaptive schemas of subjects with anxiety disorders were hypervalent. The order of schema's activation was the same in the two groups, but the activation in the anxious is always more important that in the healthy. All early maladaptive schemas would so hyperactivate in the anxious and a important activation of this schemas in the infancy would predispose to adult's anxious pathology. We consider this research as a preliminary work about early maladaptive schemas. In order to specify the research about schemas in the anxious, il will be interesting to observe this schemas according to different anxious disorders and to study prospectively the evolution of child's schemas.
早期适应不良图式理论由杨提出,他假设每种病理状态都由一个或多个图式支撑。患有焦虑症的成年人更易激活控制性图式。这种过度激活的图式可追溯至童年。在本研究中,我们使用施密特等人的问卷来测量一些认知图式的激活情况:该图式问卷以实际方式测量功能失调的图式。我们的目的是比较患有焦虑症的成年人与健康成年人早期适应不良图式的激活情况。结果表明,与健康成年人相比,患有焦虑症的成年人更显著地激活了每种功能失调的图式。不存在典型的焦虑图式,只是患有焦虑症的成年人所有图式的激活更为强烈。所有受试者(患有焦虑症的和健康的)以相同顺序激活图式。似乎暗示主体行动的图式被激活得更多。所以,在我们的研究中,与杨和克洛斯科的假设相反,我们未观察到典型的焦虑图式。事实上,与健康受试者相比,患有焦虑症的受试者所有早期适应不良图式都更为突出。两组中图式激活的顺序相同,但焦虑组的激活总是比健康组更强烈。因此,所有早期适应不良图式在焦虑症患者中都会过度激活,而婴儿期这些图式的重要激活会使个体易患成人期焦虑症。我们认为这项研究是关于早期适应不良图式的初步工作。为了明确关于焦虑症中图式的研究,根据不同的焦虑症观察这些图式并前瞻性地研究儿童图式的演变将会很有趣。