Psychosocial variables associated with adolescent gambling.

The authors empirically examined the relations between several psychosocial variables associated with adolescent problem gambling. Participants were 2,336 students in Grades 7-13, and all completed a questionnaire regarding gambling activities, gambling severity, perceived social support, drug and alcohol dependence, and various social, emotional, and behavioral problems. With respect to gambling severity, 4.9% of adolescents met the criteria for pathological gambling, and 8.0% were found to be at risk. Psychosocial difficulties associated with problem gambling include poor perceived familial and peer social support, substance use problems, conduct problems, family problems, and parental involvement in gambling and substance use. A set of predictor variables that may lead to problem gambling includes having family problems, having conduct problems, being addicted to drugs or alcohol, and being male.