焦虑症的虚拟现实暴露疗法：综述

Virtual reality exposure therapy of anxiety disorders: a review.

作者信息

Krijn M, Emmelkamp P M G, Olafsson R P, Biemond R

机构信息

Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Roetersstraat 15, 1018 WB, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Clin Psychol Rev. 2004 Jul;24(3):259-81. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2004.04.001.

DOI:10.1016/j.cpr.2004.04.001

PMID:15245832

Abstract

Virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) is an altered form of behavioral therapy and may be a possible alternative to standard in vivo exposure. Virtual reality integrates real-time computer graphics, body tracking devices, visual displays, and other sensory input devices to immerse patients in a computer-generated virtual environment. Research on this type of treatment for anxiety disorders is discussed in this article, and the mediating and moderating variables that influence VR treatment effectiveness as well. Evidence is found that VRET is effective for participants with fear of heights and of flying. For other phobias, research to date is not conclusive. More randomized clinical trials in which VRET is compared with standard exposure are required. Furthermore, studies are needed in which VRET is not just a component of the treatment package evaluated, but in which VRET should be assessed as a stand-alone treatment.

摘要

虚拟现实暴露疗法（VRET）是行为疗法的一种变体形式，可能是标准现场暴露疗法的一种替代方法。虚拟现实将实时计算机图形、身体跟踪设备、视觉显示器和其他感官输入设备整合在一起，使患者沉浸在计算机生成的虚拟环境中。本文讨论了针对焦虑症的这种治疗方法的研究，以及影响VR治疗效果的中介变量和调节变量。有证据表明，VRET对恐高症和飞行恐惧症患者有效。对于其他恐惧症，迄今为止的研究尚无定论。需要进行更多将VRET与标准暴露疗法进行比较的随机临床试验。此外，还需要进行一些研究，其中VRET不仅仅是所评估治疗方案的一个组成部分，而是应将VRET作为一种独立的治疗方法进行评估。