Heyser Charles J, Pelletier Marsha, Ferris Jennifer S
Franklin & Marshall College, Department of Psychology, Lancaster, PA 17604, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004 Jun;1021:465-9. doi: 10.1196/annals.1308.066.
Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is used in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Surprisingly, little research has been conducted on the effects of methylphenidate during early development. Therefore, the present study was conducted to examine the effects of methylphenidate on object exploration in developing rats. Male and female weanling (21-day-old) and periadolescent (34-day-old) Sprague-Dawley rats were tested after acute or chronic treatment with methylphenidate. In weanling rats, chronic methylphenidate (5.0 mg/kg) increased locomotor activity and disrupted novel object exploration. In periadolescent rats, methylphenidate disrupted exploration of the novel object, but had no effect on locomotor activity at any dose tested. Periadolescent rats appear to be less sensitive to methylphenidate-induced changes in activity compared to weanling animals, whereas methylphenidate disrupted novel object exploration in both ages. Our results suggest that methylphenidate may alter recognition memory and/or reactivity to or preference for novelty.
哌甲酯（利他林）用于治疗注意力缺陷多动障碍。令人惊讶的是，关于哌甲酯在早期发育过程中的影响，所开展的研究很少。因此，本研究旨在考察哌甲酯对发育中大鼠物体探索行为的影响。对雄性和雌性断乳期（21日龄）及青春期前后（34日龄）的斯普拉格-道利大鼠进行急性或慢性哌甲酯处理后进行测试。在断乳期大鼠中，慢性给予哌甲酯（5.0毫克/千克）会增加运动活性并扰乱新奇物体探索行为。在青春期前后的大鼠中，哌甲酯扰乱了对新奇物体的探索，但在所测试的任何剂量下对运动活性均无影响。与断乳期动物相比，青春期前后的大鼠似乎对哌甲酯诱导的活性变化不太敏感，而哌甲酯在两个年龄段均扰乱了新奇物体探索行为。我们的结果表明，哌甲酯可能会改变识别记忆和/或对新奇事物的反应性或偏好。
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