Francis Frédéric, Lognay Georges, Haubruge Eric
Unit of Pure and Applied Zoology, Gembloux Agricultural University, Passage des Déportés 2 B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
J Chem Ecol. 2004 Apr;30(4):741-55. doi: 10.1023/b:joec.0000028429.13413.a2.
The volatiles released from several aphid and host plant species, alone or associated, were studied for their infochemical role in prey location. Using a four-arm olfactometer, the attraction of several combinations of three aphid (Myzus persicae, Acyrthosiphon pisum, and Brevicoryne brassicae) and three plant (Vicia faba, Brassica napus, and Sinapis alba) species toward Adalia bipunctata larvae and adults was observed. Both predatory larvae and adults were attracted only by A. pisum and M. persicae when they were crushed, whatever the host plant. (E)-beta-farnesene, the aphid alarm pheromone, was the effective kairomone for the ladybird. Plant leaves alone (V. faba, B. napus, and S. alba) or in association with nonstressed whole aphids (the three species) did not have any attraction for the predator. The B. brassicae specialist aphid is the only prey that was not attracted to A. bipunctata larvae and adults, even if they were crushed. Release of B. brassicae molecules similar to the host plant allelochemicals was demonstrated by GC-MS analysis. The lack of behavioral response of the ladybird at short distance toward the cruciferous specialist aphid was related only to the absence of (E)-beta-farnesene in the aphid prey volatile pattern.
研究了几种蚜虫和寄主植物单独或组合释放的挥发物在猎物定位中的信息化学作用。使用四臂嗅觉仪，观察了三种蚜虫（桃蚜、豌豆蚜和甘蓝蚜）和三种植物（蚕豆、甘蓝型油菜和白芥）的几种组合对二斑叶螨幼虫和成虫的吸引力。无论寄主植物是什么，被捕食的幼虫和成虫都只被碾碎的豌豆蚜和桃蚜所吸引。蚜虫报警信息素（E）-β-法尼烯是对瓢虫有效的利它素。单独的植物叶片（蚕豆、甘蓝型油菜和白芥）或与未受胁迫的完整蚜虫（三种蚜虫）组合对捕食者没有任何吸引力。甘蓝蚜这种专食性蚜虫是唯一即使被碾碎也不会吸引二斑叶螨幼虫和成虫的猎物。气相色谱-质谱分析表明甘蓝蚜释放了与寄主植物化感物质相似的分子。瓢虫在近距离对十字花科专食性蚜虫缺乏行为反应仅与蚜虫猎物挥发物模式中不存在（E）-β-法尼烯有关。
