Simpson G M, Gratz S S
Department of Psychiatry, Medical College of Pennsylvania 19129.
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1992 Sep;52(3):286-91. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1992.143.
This study was conducted to establish the safety, tolerability, side effects, and pressor effects of tyramine on subjects treated with moclobemide, a short-acting reversible and preferential monoamine oxidase inhibitor, and to compare these responses with the responses of subjects treated with phenelzine. Twelve healthy male volunteers participated. An oral tyramine sensitivity test was performed on all subjects 24 hours before the start of a 28-day open-label treatment with phenelzine or moclobemide. A tyramine challenge was performed on day 28 on four subjects treated with phenelzine. The mean dose of oral tyramine required to increase systolic blood pressure by 30 mm Hg was 15 mg. The mean dose of tyramine that produced a clinical response (day 28) in subjects treated with moclobemide was 240 mg. No subject receiving moclobemide responded clinically on day 31 after receiving hourly doses of 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 mg, respectively. These findings suggest that moclobemide may be used without stringent dietary precautions.
本研究旨在确定酪胺对接受吗氯贝胺（一种短效可逆性及选择性单胺氧化酶抑制剂）治疗的受试者的安全性、耐受性、副作用及升压作用，并将这些反应与接受苯乙肼治疗的受试者的反应进行比较。十二名健康男性志愿者参与了研究。在开始为期28天的苯乙肼或吗氯贝胺开放标签治疗前24小时，对所有受试者进行了口服酪胺敏感性测试。在接受苯乙肼治疗的四名受试者的第28天进行了酪胺激发试验。使收缩压升高30 mmHg所需的口服酪胺平均剂量为15 mg。在接受吗氯贝胺治疗的受试者中，产生临床反应（第28天）的酪胺平均剂量为240 mg。在分别每小时接受20、40、80、160和320 mg剂量后，接受吗氯贝胺治疗的受试者在第31天均未出现临床反应。这些发现表明，吗氯贝胺使用时可能无需严格的饮食预防措施。
