老年人群体中身体残疾的性别差异。
Gender differences in physical disability among an elderly cohort.
作者信息
Murtagh Kirsten Naumann, Hubert Helen B
机构信息
Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2004 Aug;94(8):1406-11. doi: 10.2105/ajph.94.8.1406.
OBJECTIVES
We analyzed the role of sociodemographic factors, chronic-disease risk factors, and health conditions in explaining gender differences in disability among senior citizens.
METHODS
We compared 1348 men and women (mean age = 79 years) on overall disability and compared their specific activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and mobility limitations. Analysis of covariance adjusted for possible explanatory factors.
RESULTS
Women were more likely to report limitations, use of assistance, and a greater degree of disability, particularly among IADL categories. However, these gender differences were largely explained by differences in disability-related health conditions.
CONCLUSIONS
Greater prevalence of nonfatal disabling conditions, including fractures, osteoporosis, back problems, osteoarthritis and depression, contributes substantially to greater disability and diminished quality of life among aging women compared with men.
目的
我们分析了社会人口因素、慢性病风险因素和健康状况在解释老年人残疾性别差异方面的作用。
方法
我们比较了1348名男性和女性（平均年龄 = 79岁）的总体残疾情况，并比较了他们的日常生活具体活动、工具性日常生活活动（IADL）和行动能力限制。对可能的解释因素进行协方差分析。
结果
女性更有可能报告有活动限制、需要使用辅助工具以及残疾程度更高，尤其是在IADL类别中。然而，这些性别差异在很大程度上是由与残疾相关的健康状况差异所解释的。
结论
与男性相比，包括骨折、骨质疏松症、背部问题、骨关节炎和抑郁症在内的非致命致残疾病在老年女性中更为普遍，这在很大程度上导致了她们更高的残疾率和生活质量下降。
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