De Leo Diego, Heller Travis S
Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, Griffith University, Messines Ridge Road, Mt Gravatt, Queensland 4122, Australia.
Med J Aust. 2004 Aug 2;181(3):140-4. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2004.tb06204.x.
To determine the prevalence and types of deliberate self-harm (DSH) in adolescents, and associated factors.
A cross-sectional questionnaire study.
3757 of 4097 Year 10 and Year 11 students (91.7%) from 14 high schools on the Gold Coast, Queensland, during September 2002.
DSH behaviour, including descriptions of the last act, psychological symptoms, recent stressors, coping styles, help-seeking behaviour, lifestyle choices, and self-prescribing of medications.
233 students (6.2%) met the criteria for DSH in the previous 12 months, with DSH more prevalent in females than males (OR, 7.5; 95% CI, 5.1-10.9). The main methods were self-cutting (138 respondents; 59.2%) and overdosing with medication (69 respondents; 29.6%). Factors associated with DSH included similar behaviours in friends or family, coping by self-blame, and self-prescribing of medications. Most self-harmers did not seek help before or after their most recent action, with those who did primarily consulting friends.
DSH is common in Australian youth, especially in females. Preventive programs should encourage young people to consult health professionals in stressful situations.
确定青少年蓄意自伤（DSH）的患病率、类型及相关因素。
一项横断面问卷调查研究。
2002年9月，从昆士兰州黄金海岸14所高中的4097名10年级和11年级学生中选取了3757名（91.7%）。
蓄意自伤行为，包括对最近一次行为的描述、心理症状、近期压力源、应对方式、寻求帮助行为、生活方式选择以及自行用药情况。
在过去12个月中，233名学生（6.2%）符合蓄意自伤标准，女性蓄意自伤的患病率高于男性（比值比，7.5；95%置信区间，5.1 - 10.9）。主要方式为自我切割（138名受访者；59.2%）和过量服药（69名受访者；29.6%）。与蓄意自伤相关的因素包括朋友或家人有类似行为、自责应对以及自行用药。大多数自伤者在最近一次自伤行为前后未寻求帮助，寻求帮助者主要咨询朋友。
蓄意自伤在澳大利亚青少年中很常见，尤其是女性。预防项目应鼓励年轻人在压力情况下咨询健康专业人员。
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