Gargiulo Anna
Department of Humanities, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Eur J Psychol. 2020 Mar 3;16(1):95-111. doi: 10.5964/ejop.v16i1.1883. eCollection 2020 Mar.
Recent studies have shown that self-harming behaviour is increasingly widespread among adolescents, in particular at school. However, educational institutions perceive themselves unable to cope with the phenomenon, searching for protocols and guidelines to improve its management. Considering schools as useful contexts for intercepting the young malaise, this study aims at exploring the main meanings of self-harming behaviours made within the educational cultural contexts starting from the student's narrations, in order to understand the possible trajectories of practice. In two high schools we have collected 96 narratives of self-harm written by adolescents (mean age 14; 74% females), who have been engaged in non-suicidal self-injury once in their life. The analysis of the narratives, produced with the help of a software for the automatic qualitative analysis of texts, has allowed to identify four prevalent themes organized into three sense vectors. The findings highlighted significant gender differences in the representation of the experience of self-harm between males and females, as well as the importance of meaningful relationships developed in familiar and educational contexts, which may allow the help seeking process. The emerging of culturally-shared meanings among adolescents within the investigated contexts may allow to think about possible protocols of preventive and clinical practices in schools.
最近的研究表明,自我伤害行为在青少年中越来越普遍,尤其是在学校里。然而,教育机构认为自己无法应对这一现象,正在寻找相关方案和指导方针以改进对其的管理。鉴于学校是发现青少年问题的有益场所,本研究旨在从学生的叙述出发,探索在教育文化背景下自我伤害行为的主要意义,以便了解可能的行为轨迹。在两所高中,我们收集了96名青少年(平均年龄14岁;74%为女性)写下的自我伤害叙述,这些青少年都曾有过一次非自杀性自我伤害行为。借助一款用于文本自动定性分析的软件对这些叙述进行分析后,我们识别出了四个普遍主题,并将其归纳为三个意义向量。研究结果凸显了男性和女性在自我伤害经历呈现上的显著性别差异,以及在家庭和教育环境中建立有意义关系的重要性,这可能有助于寻求帮助的过程。在所调查背景下青少年中文化共享意义的出现,可能促使人们思考学校预防和临床实践的可能方案。