雀属鹀类（雀形目：主红雀科）季节性生态位的演变
Evolution of seasonal ecological niches in the Passerina buntings (Aves: Cardinalidae).
作者信息
Martínez-Meyer Enrique, Peterson A Townsend, Navarro-Sigüenza Adolfo G
机构信息
Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F. 04510 Mexico.
出版信息
Proc Biol Sci. 2004 Jun 7;271(1544):1151-7. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2003.2564.
The evolution of migration has long been considered complex and recent work has demonstrated additional complexity: some species follow the same ecological conditions throughout the year, whereas others 'switch niches' between breeding and wintering ranges. Hypotheses regarding the evolution of migration would generally predict niche-following as primitive, and niche-switching as derived. However, no test has, to our knowledge, yet determined the directionality of evolution of these states within a lineage. We present an analysis of phylogenetic dimensions of seasonal niches in the Passerina buntings that indicates greater evolutionary change in the niches of breeding populations than among those of wintering populations. These results are consistent with hypotheses of (i) niche conservatism (in winter, at least) across a recently speciated lineage; and (ii) the derived state of the breeding (rather than winter) ecological niches of each species.
长期以来，迁徙的进化一直被认为很复杂，而最近的研究又揭示了更多的复杂性：有些物种全年都遵循相同的生态条件，而其他物种则在繁殖地和越冬地之间“转换生态位”。关于迁徙进化的假说通常预测，遵循生态位是原始状态，而转换生态位是衍生状态。然而，据我们所知，尚无测试确定这些状态在一个谱系内的进化方向性。我们对雀属鹀类的季节性生态位进行了系统发育维度分析，结果表明繁殖种群生态位的进化变化比越冬种群的更大。这些结果与以下假说一致：（i）在一个最近形成的谱系中（至少在冬季）存在生态位保守性；（ii）每个物种的繁殖（而非冬季）生态位处于衍生状态。
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