Dandona Paresh, Chaudhuri Ajay, Aljada Ahmad
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, State University of New York at Buffalo and Kaleida Health, 3 Gates Circle, Buffalo, NY 14209, USA.
Med Clin North Am. 2004 Jul;88(4):911-31, x-xi. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2004.04.006.
Although the net balance between vasoconstriction and vasodilation determines the tone of the blood vessel, the vasodilatory-vasoconstrictive response following a challenge may also be determined by the intrinsic mechanical and biological properties of the vascular smooth muscle. This article reviews the action of nitric oxide, acetylcholine,and insulin; the effects of hyperglycemia, increase in free fatty acids, diabetes, and obesity on the vasculature; treatment of hypertension in diabetes; the benefits of lowering blood pressure and intensity of blood pressure control; and compares specific antihypertensive therapies on cardiovascular outcomes. The effects of antihypertensive therapy on microvascular complications, choice of antihypertensive regimen, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of antihypertensive drugs, and the potential role of antidiabetic drugs in the treatment of hypertension are also presented.
尽管血管收缩和血管舒张之间的净平衡决定了血管张力，但在受到刺激后的血管舒张-血管收缩反应也可能由血管平滑肌的内在机械和生物学特性决定。本文综述了一氧化氮、乙酰胆碱和胰岛素的作用；高血糖、游离脂肪酸增加、糖尿病和肥胖对血管系统的影响；糖尿病高血压的治疗；降低血压的益处和血压控制强度；并比较了特定抗高血压疗法对心血管结局的影响。还介绍了抗高血压疗法对微血管并发症的影响、抗高血压治疗方案的选择、抗高血压药物的抗氧化和抗炎作用，以及抗糖尿病药物在高血压治疗中的潜在作用。
