Schupf Nicole, Costa Rosann, Tang Ming-Xin, Andrews Howard, Tycko Benjamin, Lee Joseph H, Mayeux Richard
G.H. Sergievsky Center, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Neurobiol Aging. 2004 Oct;25(9):1231-40. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2003.11.010.
Longevity is a complex biological process for which the phenotypes have not been established. Preservation of cognitive and physical function may be important and preservation of these functions is, in part, inherited. We investigated the relation between rate of change in cognitive and functional abilities in probands and risk of death in their siblings. Probands were classified as showing no decline, slow, medium, or rapid rate of decline, based on the slope of change in cognitive and physical/functional factors over three or more assessments. Siblings of probands who did not decline on measures of memory, visuospatial/cognitive function or ADL skills were approximately half as likely to die as siblings of probands who had the most rapid decline. The reduction in risk of death in siblings of probands who did not decline in was primarily observed among siblings of probands who were older than 75 years, suggesting that genetic influences on life span may be greater at older ages. There was no association between probands' rate of change in language, IADL skills, upper or lower extremity mobility and risk of death in siblings. The results of the present study identify phenotypes associated with preserved cognitive and functional abilities which may serve as markers for longevity.
长寿是一个复杂的生物学过程，其表型尚未确定。认知和身体功能的维持可能很重要，而且这些功能的维持部分是可遗传的。我们研究了先证者认知和功能能力的变化率与其兄弟姐妹死亡风险之间的关系。根据三次或更多次评估中认知和身体/功能因素的变化斜率，先证者被分为无下降、缓慢下降、中等下降或快速下降。在记忆、视觉空间/认知功能或日常生活活动技能测量中没有下降的先证者的兄弟姐妹，其死亡可能性大约是下降最快的先证者的兄弟姐妹的一半。在未下降的先证者的兄弟姐妹中，死亡风险的降低主要出现在75岁以上先证者的兄弟姐妹中，这表明遗传对寿命的影响在老年时可能更大。先证者语言、工具性日常生活活动技能、上肢或下肢活动能力的变化率与兄弟姐妹的死亡风险之间没有关联。本研究结果确定了与认知和功能能力维持相关的表型，这些表型可能作为长寿的标志物。
