Hallem Elissa A, Carlson John R
Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Trends Genet. 2004 Sep;20(9):453-9. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2004.06.015.
Our understanding of the molecular and cellular organization of the Drosophila melanogaster olfactory system has increased dramatically in recent years. A large family of approximately 60 odorant receptors has been identified, and many of these receptors have been functionally characterized. The odor responses of olfactory receptor neurons have been characterized, and much has been learned about how odors are represented in olfactory centers in the brain. The circuitry of the olfactory system has been studied in detail, and the developmental mechanisms that specify the wiring and functional diversity of olfactory neurons are becoming increasingly well understood. Thus, functional, anatomical and developmental studies are rapidly being integrated to form a unified picture of odor coding in this model olfactory system.
近年来，我们对黑腹果蝇嗅觉系统的分子和细胞组织的理解有了显著提高。已经鉴定出一个大约由60种气味受体组成的大家族，并且其中许多受体已经进行了功能表征。嗅觉受体神经元的气味反应已经得到表征，并且对于气味在大脑嗅觉中枢中的表征方式也有了很多了解。嗅觉系统的神经回路已经得到详细研究，并且确定嗅觉神经元连线和功能多样性的发育机制也越来越为人所知。因此，功能、解剖和发育研究正在迅速整合，以形成这个模型嗅觉系统中气味编码的统一图景。
