Weber Nikolaus, Mukherjee Kumar D
Institute for Lipid Research, Federal Research Centre for Nutrition and Food, Piusallee 68/76, D-48147 Münster, Germany.
J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Aug 25;52(17):5347-53. doi: 10.1021/jf0400819.
Various methods have been applied for the enzymatic preparation of diacylglycerols that are used as dietary oils for weight reduction in obesity and related disorders. Interesterification of rapeseed oil triacylglycerols with commercial preparations of monoacylglycerols, such as Monomuls 90-O18, Mulgaprime 90, and Nutrisoft 55, catalyzed by immobilized lipase from Rhizomucor miehei (Lipozyme RM IM) in vacuo at 60 degrees C led to extensive (from 60 to 75%) formation of diacylglycerols. Esterification of rapeseed oil fatty acids with Nutrisoft, catalyzed by Lipozyme RM in vacuo at 60 degrees C, also led to extensive (from 60 to 70%) formation of diacylglycerols. Esterification of rapeseed oil fatty acids with glycerol in vacuo at 60 degrees C, catalyzed by Lipozyme RM and lipases from Thermomyces lanuginosus (Lipozyme TL IM) and Candida antarctica (lipase B, Novozym 435), also provided diacylglycerols, however, to a lower extent (40-45%). Glycerolysis of rapeseed oil triacylglycerols with glycerol in vacuo at 60 degrees C, catalyzed by Lipozyme TL and Novozym 435, led to diacylglycerols to the extent of </=50%. Repeated use of Lipozyme RM in the esterification of rapeseed oil fatty acids with Monomuls resulted in minor reduction of its activity. The products of esterification of rapeseed oil fatty acids with Monomuls and glycerol yielded upon short-path vacuum distillation residues (diacylglycerol oils) containing 66-70% diacylglycerols.
已应用多种方法通过酶促反应制备二酰基甘油，这些二酰基甘油用作膳食油，用于治疗肥胖症及相关疾病以减轻体重。在60℃真空条件下，用米黑根毛霉固定化脂肪酶（Lipozyme RM IM）催化菜籽油三酰基甘油与商业单酰基甘油制剂（如Monomuls 90 - O18、Mulgaprime 90和Nutrisoft 55）进行酯交换反应，可大量生成（60%至75%）二酰基甘油。在60℃真空条件下，用Lipozyme RM催化菜籽油脂肪酸与Nutrisoft进行酯化反应，也可大量生成（60%至70%）二酰基甘油。在60℃真空条件下，用Lipozyme RM、嗜热栖热菌脂肪酶（Lipozyme TL IM）和南极假丝酵母脂肪酶（脂肪酶B，Novozym 435）催化菜籽油脂肪酸与甘油进行酯化反应，同样可生成二酰基甘油，但产率较低（40% - 45%）。在60℃真空条件下，用Lipozyme TL和Novozym 435催化菜籽油三酰基甘油与甘油进行甘油解反应，生成二酰基甘油的产率≤50%。在菜籽油脂肪酸与Monomuls的酯化反应中重复使用Lipozyme RM，其活性略有降低。菜籽油脂肪酸与Monomuls和甘油酯化反应的产物经短程真空蒸馏后得到的残渣（二酰基甘油油）中，二酰基甘油含量为66% - 70%。
