Xiong Henry Q
Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Unit 426, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2004 Sep;54 Suppl 1:S69-77. doi: 10.1007/s00280-004-0890-2.
Pancreatic carcinogenesis is driven by multiple genetic and epigenetic changes. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its downstream signaling pathways, Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK axis, play important roles in pancreatic cancer development. The phosphoinositol 3 kinase (PI3 K)/Akt and the nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathways control both proliferation and resistance to apoptosis of pancreatic cancer. The role of cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) in the development of pancreatic cancer has been made known recently. The elucidation of these molecular events has led to several distinct therapeutic advances, including therapies that target EGFR, the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK axis, the COX-2 and LOX pathways, and others. Many novel agents have been developed and are undergoing clinical investigation, such as monoclonal antibodies against EGFR, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), farnesyl transferase inhibitors (FTIs), Bay43-9006, CI-1040, CCI-779, celecoxib, and LY293111. This review highlights recent advances in the development of these agents.
胰腺癌的发生是由多种基因和表观遗传变化驱动的。表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）及其下游信号通路，即Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK轴，在胰腺癌的发展中起重要作用。磷酸肌醇3激酶（PI3K）/Akt和核因子κB（NF-κB）通路控制着胰腺癌的增殖和对凋亡的抵抗。环氧化酶（COX）和脂氧合酶（LOX）在胰腺癌发展中的作用最近已为人所知。对这些分子事件的阐明带来了一些不同的治疗进展，包括针对EGFR、Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK轴、COX-2和LOX通路等的治疗。已经开发了许多新型药物并正在进行临床研究，例如抗EGFR单克隆抗体、酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（TKIs）、法尼基转移酶抑制剂（FTIs）、Bay43-9006、CI-1040、CCI-779、塞来昔布和LY293111。本综述重点介绍了这些药物开发的最新进展。
