Cobb Harriet C, Reeve Ronald E, Shealy Craig N, Norcross John C, Schare Mitchell L, Rodolfa Emil R, Hargrove David S, Hall Judy E, Allen Mardi
Department of Graduate Psychology, James Madison University, MSC 7401, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA.
J Clin Psychol. 2004 Sep;60(9):939-55. doi: 10.1002/jclp.20028.
Health care providers within psychology currently fall into three dominant practice areas: clinical, counseling, and school psychology. This article reviews data from four different sources-archival descriptions, training curricula, internship and employment outcomes, and professional activities-to examine the overlap among the three practice areas. Archival descriptions revealed substantial similarities, with smaller but interesting differences. A comparison of actual curricula from 10 programs accredited in each of the three practice areas yielded similar findings: Programs across the three practice areas were much more similar than different. Within-practice area variations among programs were nearly as large as across-practice area differences. We briefly review the professional activities of clinical, counseling, and school psychologists, again demonstrating considerable similarity. We conclude by explaining implications for doctoral training programs, internships settings, and professional credentialing.
目前，心理学领域的医疗服务提供者主要分为三个主要实践领域：临床心理学、咨询心理学和学校心理学。本文回顾了来自四个不同来源的数据——档案描述、培训课程、实习和就业成果以及专业活动——以研究这三个实践领域之间的重叠情况。档案描述显示出实质性的相似之处，也存在一些虽小但有趣的差异。对三个实践领域中各有10个获得认证的项目的实际课程进行比较，得出了类似的结果：这三个实践领域的项目之间的相似性远大于差异性。各项目在实践领域内部的差异几乎与跨实践领域的差异一样大。我们简要回顾了临床心理学家、咨询心理学家和学校心理学家的专业活动，再次证明了它们之间存在相当大的相似性。我们通过解释对博士培训项目、实习机构和专业认证的影响来得出结论。
