Regev Rivka H, Reichman Brian
Neonatal Unit and Neonatal Follow-Up Clinic, Neonatal Department, Meir Hospital, Sapir Medical Center, Kfar Saba 44281, Israel.
Clin Perinatol. 2004 Sep;31(3):453-73. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2004.04.017.
Premature infants born with IUGR are at a several-fold increased risk for mortality and major neonatal morbidities, including RDS, BPD, ROP, and NEC. These severe complications of prematurity are intensified by the effect of suboptimal fetal growth. The possible pathophysiologic processes initiated in utero and continuing after birth have been discussed. Recently reported data suggest that IUGR is a risk factor in programming for the later development of cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus in adult life. Experimental research related to the pathophysiology and etiology of these conditions may enable appropriate intervention directed at reducing the excess risk associated with the short- and long-term mortality and morbidity among premature SGA infants.
出生时患有宫内生长受限（IUGR）的早产儿死亡风险以及包括呼吸窘迫综合征（RDS）、支气管肺发育不良（BPD）、视网膜病变（ROP）和坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）在内的主要新生儿疾病的风险会增加数倍。胎儿生长欠佳的影响会加剧这些严重的早产并发症。已讨论了可能在子宫内启动并在出生后持续的病理生理过程。最近报告的数据表明，宫内生长受限是成年后发生心血管疾病、高血压和糖尿病的编程风险因素。与这些病症的病理生理学和病因学相关的实验研究可能有助于进行适当干预，以降低早产小于胎龄儿短期和长期死亡及发病相关的额外风险。
