Clark Scott, Grote JoAnn, Wilson Jonathan, Succop Paul, Chen Mei, Galke Warren, McLaine Pat
Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, 3223 Eden Avenue ML 0056, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0056, USA.
Environ Res. 2004 Oct;96(2):196-205. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2003.11.006.
This study is an examination of the effect of lead hazard control strategies on children's blood lead levels immediately after an intervention was conducted as part of the US Department of Housing and Urban Development's Lead-Based Paint Hazard Control Grant Program. Fourteen state and local government grantees participated in the evaluation. The findings indicated an overall average reduction in the blood lead levels of 869 children soon after the implementation of lead hazard controls. However, 9.3% of these children (n = 81) had blood lead increases of 5 microg/dL or more. Data routinely collected as part of the evaluation, as well as additional information supplied by the individual programs, were used to determine potential reasons for these observed increases in blood lead. A logistic regression analysis indicated that three principal factors were associated with the blood lead increases: the number of exterior deteriorations present in the child's home (prior to intervention), the educational level of the female parent or guardian of the child, and the child's age. The statistical analysis did not find evidence that children living in households that either did not relocate or relocated for less than the full work period were significantly more likely to have a blood lead increase equal to or greater than 5 microg/dL than children living in households that fully relocated. Statistical analyses also did not reveal any single interior strategy to be more or less likely than others to be associated with a blood lead increase of 5 microg/dL or more.
本研究考察了作为美国住房和城市发展部含铅油漆危害控制拨款计划一部分的干预措施实施后，铅危害控制策略对儿童血铅水平的影响。14个州和地方政府受赠方参与了此次评估。研究结果表明，在实施铅危害控制后不久，869名儿童的血铅水平总体平均有所下降。然而，这些儿童中有9.3%（n = 81）的血铅水平升高了5微克/分升或更多。作为评估一部分常规收集的数据，以及各个项目提供的额外信息，被用于确定观察到的这些血铅升高的潜在原因。逻辑回归分析表明，有三个主要因素与血铅升高有关：儿童家中（干预前）存在的外部损坏数量、儿童的母亲或监护人的教育水平以及儿童的年龄。统计分析未发现证据表明，与完全搬迁家庭的儿童相比，未搬迁或搬迁时间不足整个工作周期家庭的儿童血铅水平升高至5微克/分升或更高的可能性显著更高。统计分析也未揭示任何一种室内策略比其他策略更有可能或更不可能与血铅水平升高5微克/分升或更多相关联。
