Lonsdale Derrick
Preventive Medicine Group, Westlake, Ohio, USA.
Med Sci Monit. 2004 Sep;10(9):RA199-203. Epub 2004 Aug 20.
Thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide (TTFD) is the synthetic counterpart of allithiamine, occurring naturally in garlic. Allithiamine was discovered in Japan in 1951. Its extensive research was reported by a group known as the Vitamin B Research Committee of Japan, and given this name because of its existence in the bulbs of many of the allium species of plants. It was found to be a disulfide derivative of thiamine, produced as a result of enzymatic action on the thiamine molecule in garlic bulbs when the bulb is cut or crushed. Subsequent experimental work in both animals and human subjects revealed that its metabolic effect was much more powerful than the thiamine from which it was derived. Japanese investigators created a number of synthetic forms and investigated their use in a number of human disease conditions. Although some derivatives have been synthesized without a disulfide bond in the molecule, these investigators emphasized that the disulfide was an extremely important part of its biologic action and TTFD is the most modern of the disulfide derivatives. Because at least part of its beneficial effects are the same as water soluble thiamine salts, this review deals first with the clinical uses of thiamine (vitamin B1) in medicine.
硫胺素四氢糠基二硫化物（TTFD）是蒜硫胺素的合成类似物，蒜硫胺素天然存在于大蒜中。蒜硫胺素于1951年在日本被发现。日本维生素B研究委员会对其进行了广泛研究，并因其存在于许多葱属植物的鳞茎中而得名。它被发现是硫胺素的二硫化物衍生物，是大蒜鳞茎被切割或压碎时硫胺素分子上酶促作用的产物。随后在动物和人体受试者身上进行的实验工作表明，其代谢作用比它所衍生的硫胺素强大得多。日本研究人员创造了多种合成形式，并研究了它们在多种人类疾病中的应用。尽管已经合成了一些分子中没有二硫键的衍生物，但这些研究人员强调二硫键是其生物学作用的一个极其重要的部分，而TTFD是最现代的二硫化物衍生物。由于其至少部分有益作用与水溶性硫胺素盐相同，因此本综述首先论述硫胺素（维生素B1）在医学上的临床应用。
